Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35157156›Full record

ArticleJournal of orthopaedics and traumatology : official journal of the Italian Society of Orthopaedics and Traumatology2022

Critical shoulder angle (CSA): age and gender distribution in the general population.

S Gumina, G Polizzotti, A Spagnoli, S Carbone, V Candela

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In one paragraph

Article in Journal of orthopaedics and traumatology : official journal of the Italian Society of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
3.1field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

S GuminaDepartment of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics Sciences, Istituto Clinico Ortopedico Traumatologico (ICOT), Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy. Stefano.gumina@uniroma1.it.
G PolizzottiDepartment of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics Sciences, Istituto Clinico Ortopedico Traumatologico (ICOT), Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy.
A SpagnoliDepartment of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
S CarboneOrthopaedics and Traumatology Unit, San Feliciano Hospital, Rome, Italy.
V CandelaDepartment of Anatomy, Histology, Legal Medicine and Orthopedics, University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
Sapienza University of Rome · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveAnatomical parameters and pathologies that can affect the critical shoulder angle (CSA) are subjects of discussion. To date, we do not know if the CSA value changes in the different decades of life in a population characterized by the same ethnicity, nor if there are differences related to gender or side. This study hypothesizes that age and gender may affect the CSA.

methodsPatients older than 15 years old affected by a shoulder trauma and who were discharged with a diagnosis of shoulder contusion were enrolled. A true AP view of the shoulder was obtained as well as data regarding age and gender of all participants. The CSA was measured by three authors, and interoperator reliability was assessed. Eight subcategories, according to decades of life, were considered. Finally, the studied population was divided into three subcategories according to CSA values (< 30°; 30-35°; ≥ 35°).

resultsThe initial sample comprised 3587 shoulder X-rays. The interobserver reproducibility was high, with an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.865 (95% CI 0.793-0.915). Two thousand eight hundred seventy-three radiograms were excluded. The studied group comprised 714 patients [431 females, 283 males; mean age (SD): 47.2 (20.9) years, range: 11-93 years]. The mean CSA was 33.6° (range: 24-50°; SD: 3.9°). The mean CSA values in females and males were 33.7°and 33.5°, respectively. The mean CSA values of the right and left shoulders were 33.3° and 33.9°, respectively (p > 0.05). Linear regression analysis showed a CSA increase by 0.04° every year. The mean CSA in subjects aged between 15 and 19 years was significantly lower than all the other groups, except for patients older than 80 years. No significant differences were found between CSA subcategories, gender, or side.

conclusionsIn the general population, the mean CSA value was 33.6°. No significant differences were found regarding the mean CSA value according to gender or side. A significant positive linear correlation between CSA and age was detected. In each decade of life, the CSA value, which is genetically determined, shows a large variability. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: IV.

Indexed as

Rotator Cuff InjuriesShoulder JointAdolescentAdultFemaleHumansMaleReproducibility of ResultsRetrospective StudiesShoulderYoung AdultCritical shoulder angleExtrinsic factors for rotator cuff tearGlenoid inclinationRotator cuff tear etiologyRotator cuff tear risk factorsScapular anatomy

Identifiers

PMID35157156
PMCPMC8844324
OpenAlexW4212899540

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.