Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35156719›Full record

ArticleOphthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists)2022

What are the causes of non-tolerance to new spectacles and how can they be avoided?

Jeremy Beesley, Christopher J Davey, David B Elliott

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. The Prevalence of Spectacle Non-Adaptation Among Patients Presenting at a Private Practice in Witbank, South Africa.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Subjective refraction and prescribing styles used by UK optometrists.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2025
    Article
  5. How small changes to one eye's retinal image can transform the perceived shape of a very familiar object.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024
    Article
  6. What are the causes of non-tolerance to new spectacles and how can they be avoided?Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2022
    Article
  7. Factors contributing to spectacle intolerance: Insights from a multicenter study in Saudi Arabia.Saudi journal of ophthalmology : official journal of the Saudi Ophthalmological Society
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Jeremy BeesleyBradford School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-2325-9694
Christopher J DaveyBradford School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK.
David B ElliottBradford School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo investigate non-tolerance cases from several UK practices to determine their likely causes and how they might have been avoided.

methodsPatient complaint and refraction data were collected from non-tolerance recheck examinations. For one practice, clinical data were also collected retrospectively to investigate the quality of the eye examinations.

resultsData for 279 rechecks were gathered from 10 practices and a recheck frequency of 2.3% was found. The mean patient age was 60 (SD 16) years, with cylinder changes responsible for 38% of prescription-related causes of rechecks, overplusing or underminusing 26%, and underplusing or overminusing just 11%. An assessment of 242 recheck corrections found that 40% were unsatisfactory (e.g., failed to address initial or recheck symptoms, N = 45) and retrospective analysis of 217 case records showed many limitations (e.g., 61% or 28% recorded no uncorrected or habitual visual acuity (VA) at either initial examination or recheck).

conclusionsGiven that overplus-underminus was a much bigger proportion of prescription-related cases than overminus-underplus (26% vs. 11%), the refraction mantra of "maximum plus for maximum VA" should be balanced by increased teaching of the problems of overplusing and underminusing, and the use of prescribing guidelines. In addition, continuing professional development regarding the basics of the recheck examination, refraction, visual acuity and prism determination is needed. Changes of oblique cylinders should be carefully considered in older patients as this is a common cause of non-tolerance. In addition, if the "if it ain't broke, don't fix it" and related maxims had been applied to all patients who were asymptomatic at the original examination, one third of all non-tolerance cases could have been avoided. Finally, it would seem appropriate for practices to develop a system to deal better with non-tolerance cases. Perhaps an experienced clinician should examine all patients with non-tolerance and provide feedback to the original clinician.

Indexed as

EyeglassesRefraction, OcularAgedHumansMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesVision TestsVisual Acuitynon-toleranceoblique cylindersprescribing maximsprogressive addition lensesrecheck examinations

Identifiers

PMID35156719
PMCPMC9303957

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.