Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35156624›Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of rheumatology2022

Rituximab-associated hypogammaglobulinemia in ANCA-associated vasculitis: Incidence and time course.

Anam Tariq, Ayobami Akenroye, Antoine Azar, Philip Seo, Duvuru Geetha

Open access · diamondAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in European journal of rheumatology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.4field-weighted citation impact, top 19% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 11 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. How to Cure Autoimmune GN and Podocytopathies.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2026
    Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Anam TariqDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Ayobami AkenroyeDepartment of Pediatric Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Antoine AzarDivision of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Philip SeoDivision of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Duvuru GeethaDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Johns Hopkins Medicine · USJohns Hopkins University · US

Funding

RENAL DISEASE EPIDEMIOLOGY TRAINING GRANTT32DK007732 · NIDDK · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI CREWS, DEIDRA CANDICE · 1995 to 2024
$7.7M
RESEARCH TRAINING IN PEDIATRIC ALLERGY &IMMUNOLOGYT32AI007007 · NIAID · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI ROBERT A WOOD · 1985 to 2026
$5.4M
NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI007007NIDDK NIH HHS T32 DK007732
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveRituximab (RTX) is approved for remission induction and maintenance of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV). Observational studies demonstrate decline in immunoglobulin (IgG) in AAV post-RTX. The time course for the onset of hypogammaglobulinemia (Hypo-IgG) post-RTX is unknown. This is a key determinant in deciding whether to continue RTX for reinduction or maintenance of remission for AAV. We evaluated the trends of Hypo-IgG among AAV patients post-RTX therapies.

methodsAn observational single-tertiary-center study of AAV patients treated with RTX for remission induction or maintenance (induction therapy, maintenance therapy, and combined induction and maintenance therapy) between 1998 and 2018. Poisson regression was used to compare the inciden- ces of Hypo-IgG: mild (450-700 mg dL-1), moderate (200-450 mg dL-1), and severe (􏰃200 mg dL-1). Ig levels were measured every 3-6 months after RTX use.

resultsMean (SD) age at last visit was 59 (16) years, 93% were Caucasians, 64% were females, and 71 (63%) had granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA). Hypo-IgG occurred in 47 patients: one (2%) severe, 13 (28%) moderate, and 33 (70%) mild. Lower incidences of mild Hypo-IgG post-RTX were seen during induction compared to maintenance (IR 5.04 per 100 000 days vs 5.45 per 100 000 days, incidence rate ratio (IRR) 1.08, 95% CI 0.34, 3.19). Moderate Hypo-IgG occurred at 2.29 per 100 000 days during induc- tion and 1.82 per 100 000 days during maintenance (IRR 0.79, 95% CI 0.08, 4.84).

conclusionHypo-IgG is common among AAV treated with RTX, occurring in 42% of patients in this single-center cohort. The nadir IgG levels occur during remission induction, and the IgG levels remain relatively stable or increase over time in those receiving RTX for remission maintenance.

Identifiers

PMID35156624
PMCPMC10176222
OpenAlexW4206938438

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.