ReviewFrontiers in nutrition2021
Melatonin, Zinc, and Vitamin C: Potential Adjuvant Treatment for COVID-19 Patients.
Review in Frontiers in nutrition, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vitamin C Supplementation for the Treatment of COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2022Pooled it
- High-Dose Intravenous Vitamin C in Critical Illness: A Translational Exposure-Response Framework for Biomarker-Guided Precision Therapy.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Review
- Melatonin and Vascular Function.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Exogenous Melatonin Use in University Students: A Cross-Sectional Survey.Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction-derived reactive oxygen species and reducing inflammation: the potential of Daphnetin in the viral pneumonia crisis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- COVID-19 Complications: Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Mitochondrial and Endothelial Dysfunction.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Community Pharmacists' Knowledge, Attitudes and the Perceived Safety and Effectiveness of Melatonin Supplements: A Cross-Sectional Survey.Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Natural Ingredients to Improve Immunity.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Advances and challenges in using nirmatrelvir and its derivatives against SARS-CoV-2 infection.Journal of pharmaceutical analysis · 2023Review
- Sleep Disturbance and Immunological Consequences of COVID-19.Patient preference and adherence · 2023Review
- ERC-BiP Functional Protein Pathway for Assessing Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Induced by SARS-CoV-2 Replication after Cell Invasion.The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale · 2023Article
- Immunomodulatory effects of zinc and its impact on COVID-19 severity.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2022Article
- Development of Therapeutic and Prophylactic Zinc Compositions for Use against COVID-19: A Glimpse of the Trends, Inventions, and Patents.Nutrients · 2022Review
- Vitamin C for COVID-19 Treatment: Have We Got Enough Evidence?Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The use of nutraceutical approaches may regulate the immune system, performing a potential strategy to contain the worst outcomes of COVID-19. We reviewed the current evidence surrounding nutritional/nutraceutical approaches for the therapy in patients with COVID-19. We searched the PubMed database to report randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational research that used melatonin, zinc, or vitamin C supplementation as an intervention for COVID-19 treatment. To date, we found only three concluded studies that assessed zinc supplementation and melatonin therapy in patients with COVID-19, but with inconclusive data, relatively small sample size, and early termination of the trial. On the other hand, vitamin C therapy appears to reduce hyperinflammation and improve the oxygen support status of patients with COVID-19. However, a large part of this research involves pilot trials, and there are still conflicting data regarding mortality rate, mechanical ventilation, and duration of symptoms of patients with COVID-19. Melatonin, zinc, and vitamin C supplementation should be investigated further on the nutritional status-immune response, and data from ongoing trials are needed to understand these molecules as a therapy strategy in patients COVID-19.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.