ReviewCureus2022
Current Concepts on the Application, Pharmacokinetics and Complications of Antibiotic-Loaded Cement Spacers in the Treatment of Prosthetic Joint Infections.
Review in Cureus, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Acute kidney injury in the context of staged revision arthroplasty and the use of antibiotic-laden cement spacers: a systematic review.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2023Pooled it
- Custom humeral antibiotic spacers for complex shoulder arthroplasty revision: technical principles and case illustrations.JSES reviews, reports, and techniques · 2026Article
- Early Postoperative Inflammatory Responses Following Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty Using Different Antibiotic-Loaded Bone Cement Formulations: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Periprosthetic Joint Infection: Biofilm Pathogenesis, Immune Dysregulation, and Emerging Prosthetic Interface Strategies.Biology · 2026Review
- Two-stage revision combined with anti-infective therapy for mixed fungal and bacterial knee periprosthetic joint infection: a case report and literature review.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2026Review
- Managing Bone Infections Beyond Systemic Antibiotics: A Scoping Review.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Biomechanical Properties of Bone Cement Impregnated with Vancomycin and Ceftazidime: An In Vitro Experimental Lab Study.Indian journal of orthopaedics · 2026Article
- Balancing strength and sterility: An in vitro assessment of the mechanical and antibacterial properties of bone cement loaded with various antibiotics.Joint diseases and related surgery · 2026Article
- [Revision Arthroplasty for Periprosthetic Femoral Fracture Complicated by Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli: Case Report and Minireview].Acta chirurgiae orthopaedicae et traumatologiae Cechoslovaca · 2025Review
- Antibiotic Elution from Cement Spacers and Its Influencing Factors.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Article
- Article
- Antimicrobial Regimens in Cement Spacers for Periprosthetic Joint Infections: A Critical Review.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Article
- Articulating spacers: what are available and how to utilize them?Arthroplasty (London, England) · 2023Review
- Antimicrobials in polymethylmethacrylate: from prevention to prosthetic joint infection treatment: basic principles and risk of resistance.Arthroplasty (London, England) · 2023Article
- PMMA Bone Cement: Antibiotic Elution and Mechanical Properties in the Context of Clinical Use.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a devastating complication of total joint replacement surgery. It affects about 2% of primary total joint replacements. Treatment aims at infection eradication and restoration of patient's mobility. Two-stage revision arthroplasty with an interim application of an antibiotic-loaded cement spacer (ALCS) is the widely accepted treatment for PJI. Spacers are powerful local carriers of antibiotics at the site of infection, effective against biofilm-protected microbes. On the other hand, spacers permit some mobility of the patient and facilitate final prosthesis implantation. ALCS's are either commercially available or prepared intraoperatively on prefabricated or improvised molds. Antibiotic elution from the spacer depends on the amount of the antibiotic used for cement impregnation, at the expense of mechanical stiffness of the spacer. The antibiotic should not exceed 4g per 40g of bone cement to preserve the mechanical properties of the cement. Spacers are frequently accompanied by local or systemic complications. The spacer may break, dislocate and compress vessels or nerves of the limb. Systemic complications are the result of excess elution of antibiotic and include nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, ototoxicity, allergic reactions or neutropenia. Elderly patients with comorbidities are at risk to present such complications. Microbial resistance is a potential risk of long-lasting spacer retention. Persisting infection may require multiple spacer replacements.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.