ArticleNutrition and metabolic insights2022
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Composition in Breast Milk Plasma of HIV-infected and Uninfected Mothers in Relation to Infant Clinical Outcomes.
Article in Nutrition and metabolic insights, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- A multiomic investigation of human milk-derived extracellular vesicles in perinatal HIV and antiretroviral therapy exposure.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Observational
- Fatty acid signatures in people with HIV: association with adverse pregnancy outcomes and offspring anthropometrics.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2025Article
- Dietary intake and growth of HIV exposed and unexposed 6-12 months old infants in South Africa.Maternal & child nutrition · 2025Article
- Viruses and Human Milk: Transmission or Protection?Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2023Review
- Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe increased coverage of prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) services has significantly reduced paediatric HIV infection incidence. The aim of the study was to compare breast milk omega-6 and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid profiles of HIV infected and uninfected mothers and determine the association between fatty acid profiles and postnatal transmission of HIV, morbidity/mortality of HIV exposed and unexposed infants.
methodsA prospective cohort study of 57 HIV infected and 57 HIV uninfected lactating mothers was conducted in Gweru, Zimbabwe from July 2019 to March 2020. The women's 114 babies (term and preterm) were also enrolled and stratified by HIV exposure and infection status. The mother-infant pairs were followed up at 6 weeks, 16 weeks and 6 months postpartum to determine, HIV transmission rate, breast milk polyunsaturated fatty acid profiles as well as infant clinical outcomes.
resultsThe mean breast milk docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) levels in HIV uninfected mothers (0.82 ± 0.92; 0.47 ± 0.75 μg/ml respectively) at 6 weeks postpartum were significantly higher compared to those of HIV infected mothers (0.33 ± 0.32; 0.08 ± 0.14 μg/ml) respectively. The same pattern was observed at 16 weeks postpartum in terms of DHA and EPA mean concentration. However, the arachidonic acid (AA) levels and AA/DHA ratio measured at 6 weeks postpartum were significantly higher in HIV infected mothers (2.31 ± 2.01; 17.18 ± 52.47 respectively) compared to HIV uninfected mothers (0.82 ± 0.54; 9.71 ± 21.80;
conclusionDeficiencies in breast milk omega-3 fatty acids were observed in HIV infected women. Maintaining a healthy balance between omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acid diets is critical for breast feeding mothers regardless of their HIV status. The adverse clinical outcomes observed amongst HIV exposed infants emphasise their vulnerability under conditions of maternal universal antiretroviral therapy.
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