ArticleBiological psychiatry2022
Persistent Childhood and Adolescent Anxiety and Risk for Psychosis: A Longitudinal Birth Cohort Study.
Article in Biological psychiatry, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- The relationships between anxiety, psychotic-like experiences and autism: a systematic review.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Pooled it
- Longitudinal associations between patterns of childhood adverse experiences and positive experiences and depression and anxiety symptom trajectories among college students.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2026Article
- Perceived connectedness during the perinatal period: Implications for parent and child well-being.Journal of family psychology : JFP : journal of the Division of Family Psychology of the American Psychological Association (Division 43) · 2026Review
- Substance Use and Incidence of Psychosis Diagnoses Among Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men Compared with Males from the General Population: A Matched Cohort Study from Metro Vancouver, Canada.Substance use & misuse · 2026Article
- Structure and temporal stability of adolescent psychotic experiences: findings from a German longitudinal cohort study.Psychological medicine · 2026Article
- Stratifying the risk of transition to adult-onset psychiatric disorders in adolescents with anxiety.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Investigating the prospective associations of childhood sleep problems with persistent depression in emerging adulthood: the mediating role of inflammation.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2026Article
- Re-conceptualizing Parkinson's disease as a lifelong neurobiological trajectory: A framework for prevention.Neuroprotection (Chichester, England) · 2026Review
- Affective Instability and Regular Cannabis Use During Adolescence and Subsequent Risk for Psychosis in Early Adulthood: A Longitudinal Birth Cohort Study.Schizophrenia bulletin open · 2026Article
- Dynamic trajectories of inflammatory biomarkers and post-stroke cognitive impairment: a comprehensive review of neuroimmune mechanisms, longitudinal modeling, and clinical translation.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Review
- A mediation model on how PTSD symptoms are related to psychotic experiences in survivors of the ongoing Gaza war 2023-2024.Conflict and health · 2025Article
- Fear and Anxiety in Schizophrenia: A Focus on Development, Assessment, and Mechanisms.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2025Review
- A longitudinal network of psychotic-like experiences, depressive and anxiety symptoms, and adverse life events: a cohort study of 3,358 college students.Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences · 2024Article
- Childhood Anxiety Symptoms as a Predictor of Psychotic Experiences in Adolescence in a High-Risk Cohort for Psychiatric Disorders.Schizophrenia bulletin open · 2024Article
- Psychiatric Comorbidities and Schizophrenia in Youths With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.JAMA network open · 2023Article
- Dimensions of psychopathology associated with psychotic-like experiences: Findings from the network analysis in a nonclinical sample.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2023Article
- Stress levels, psychological symptoms, and C-reactive protein levels in COVID-19: A cross-sectional study.Journal of affective disorders · 2023Article
- The role of inflammation in the prospective associations between early childhood sleep problems and ADHD at 10 years: findings from a UK birth cohort study.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2023Article
- Serum Levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in the Subtypes of Clinical High Risk Individuals: A Prospective Cohort Study.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2023Article
- Time of exposure to social defeat stress during childhood and adolescence and redox dysregulation on long-lasting behavioral changes, a translational study.Translational psychiatry · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPersistent anxiety in childhood and adolescence could represent a novel treatment target for psychosis, potentially targeting activation of stress pathways and secondary nonresolving inflammatory response. Here, we examined the association between persistent anxiety through childhood and adolescence with individuals with psychotic experiences (PEs) or who met criteria for psychotic disorder (PD) at age 24 years. We also investigated whether C-reactive protein mediated any association.
methodsData from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) were available in 8242 children at age 8 years, 7658 at age 10 years, 6906 at age 13 years, and 3889 at age 24 years. The Development and Well-Being Assessment was administered to capture child and adolescent anxiety. We created a composite score of generalized anxiety at ages 8, 10, and 13. PEs and PD were assessed at age 24, derived from the Psychosis-like Symptoms Interview. The mean of C-reactive protein at ages 9 and 15 years was used as a mediator.
resultsIndividuals with persistent high levels of anxiety were more likely to develop PEs (odds ratio 2.02, 95% CI 1.26-3.23, p = .003) and PD at age 24 (odds ratio 4.23, 95% CI 2.27-7.88, p < .001). The mean of C-reactive protein at ages 9 and 15 mediated the associations of persistent anxiety with PEs (bias-corrected estimate -0.001, p = .013) and PD (bias-corrected estimate 0.001, p = .003).
conclusionsPersistent high levels of anxiety through childhood and adolescence could be a risk factor for psychosis. Persistent anxiety is potentially related to subsequent psychosis via activation of stress hormones and nonresolving inflammation. These results contribute to the potential for preventive interventions in psychosis, with the novel target of early anxiety.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.