ArticleBMC health services research2022
A qualitative dual-site analysis of the pharmacist discharge care (PHARM-DC) intervention using the CFIR framework.
Article in BMC health services research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04071951 (A Multicenter RCT of Pharmacist-Directed Transitional Care to Reduce Post-Hospitalization Utilization), which is not on this map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Multicenter RCT of Pharmacist-Directed Transitional Care to Reduce Post-Hospitalization Utilization
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Stakeholder experiences and expectations of transition of care services to reduce medication-related hospital readmission for cardiology patients.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2026Article
- "But Will It Last?": Examining How Pharmacy Staff Perceptions Influence Beliefs About the Sustainability of a Pharmacy-Based Intervention Targeting Older Adult Over-the-Counter (OTC) Medication Misuse.Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Your Teeth, You Are in Control: A Process Evaluation of the Implementation of a Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Intervention for Reducing Child Dental Anxiety.Community dentistry and oral epidemiology · 2025Article
- Referring psychiatric patients to occupational health services for earlier return to work - a qualitative implementation study of barriers and facilitators.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Pharmacist, nurse, and physician perspectives on the implementation of the pharmacist discharge care (pharm-dc) intervention: A qualitative study.Research in social & administrative pharmacy : RSAP · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionOlder adults face several challenges when transitioning from acute hospitals to community-based care. The PHARMacist Discharge Care (PHARM-DC) intervention is a pharmacist-led Transitions of Care (TOC) program intended to reduce 30-day hospital readmissions and emergency department visits at two large hospitals. This study used the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) framework to evaluate pharmacist perceptions of the PHARM-DC intervention.
methodsIntervention pharmacists and pharmacy administrators were purposively recruited by study team members located within each participating institution. Study team members located within each institution coordinated with two study authors unaffiliated with the institutions implementing the intervention to conduct interviews and focus groups remotely via telecommunication software. Interviews were recorded and transcribed, with transcriptions imported into NVivo for qualitative analysis. Qualitative analysis was performed using an iterative process to identify "a priori" constructs based on CFIR domains (intervention characteristics, outer setting, inner setting, characteristics of the individuals involved, and the process of implementation) and to create overarching themes as identified during coding.
resultsIn total, ten semi-structured interviews and one focus group were completed across both hospitals. At Site A, six interviews were conducted with intervention pharmacists and pharmacists in administrative roles. Also at Site A, one focus group comprised of five intervention pharmacists was conducted. At Site B, interviews were conducted with four intervention pharmacists and pharmacists in administrative roles. Three overarching themes were identified: PHARM-DC and Institutional Context, Importance of PHARM-DC Adaptability, and Recommendations for PHARM-DC Improvement and Sustainability. Increasing pharmacist support for technical tasks and navigating pharmacist-patient language barriers were important to intervention implementation and delivery. Identifying cost-savings and quantifying outcomes as a result of the intervention were particularly important when considering how to sustain and expand the PHARM-DC intervention.
conclusionThe PHARM-DC intervention can successfully be implemented at two institutions with considerable variations in TOC initiatives, resources, and staffing. Future implementation of PHARM-DC interventions should consider the themes identified, including an examination of institution-specific contextual factors such as the roles that pharmacy technicians may play in TOC interventions, the importance of intervention adaptability to account for patient needs and institutional resources, and pharmacist recommendations for intervention improvement and sustainability.
trial registrationNCT04071951 .
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