Trial reportThe Lancet. Planetary health2022
Effect of a low-cost, behaviour-change intervention on latrine use and safe disposal of child faeces in rural Odisha, India: a cluster-randomised controlled trial.
Trial report in The Lancet. Planetary health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03274245 (Implementing and Evaluating a Multi-Level Intervention to Increase Latrine Use and Safe Feces Disposal Among Latrine Owning Households in Rural Puri District, Odisha, India), which is not on this map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Implementing and Evaluating a Multi-Level Intervention to Increase Latrine Use and Safe Feces Disposal Among Latrine Owning Households in Rural Puri District, Odisha, India
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Effect of a behavior change and hardware intervention on safe child feces management practices in rural Odisha, India: a cluster-randomized controlled trial.BMC public health · 2024Trial
- Assessing sustained uptake of latrine and child feces management interventions: Extended follow-up of a cluster-randomized controlled trial in rural Bangladesh 1-3.5 years after intervention initiation.International journal of hygiene and environmental health · 2023Trial
- Mapping spatial inequality: unsafe child feces disposal practices across 707 districts in India.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Sanitation-related withholding and suppression among women in urban Uganda and India.Nature water · 2025Article
- Social competition drives collective action to reduce informal waste burning in Uganda.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- The process, outcomes and context of the sanitation change induced by the Swachh Bharat Mission in rural Jharkhand, India.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Decomposing rural-urban gap in unsafe disposal practice of child stool in India using nationwide sample survey data.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Examining toilet use and menstrual hygiene practices among beneficiary households of Swachh Bharat Abhiyaan (Clean India Mission) in rural areas of Mayurbhanj district of Odisha, India.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2024Article
- Exploring drivers of unsafe disposal of child stool in India using hierarchical regression model.PloS one · 2024Article
- Systematic re-review of WASH trials to assess women's engagement in intervention delivery and research activities.Nature water · 2024Article
- BabyWASH and diarrhea prevention practices following multimedia educational intervention in hard-to-reach areas of the Afar and Somali regions of Ethiopia: a mixed-method endline evaluation.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Formative Research Using Settings and Motives to Explore Child Faeces Disposal and Management in Rural Solomon Islands.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Study design and rationale for a cluster randomized trial of a safe child feces management intervention in rural Odisha, India.BMC public health · 2022Article
- Effect of Positive Deviance Approach on Promotion of Safe Disposal of Child's Feces in Rural Tamil Nadu: A Community-Based Quasi-Experimental Study.Indian journal of community medicine : official publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social MedicineArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundUptake of Government-promoted sanitation remains a challenge in India. We aimed to investigate a low-cost, theory-driven, behavioural intervention designed to increase latrine use and safe disposal of child faeces in India.
methodsWe did a cluster-randomised controlled trial between Jan 30, 2018, and Feb 18, 2019, in 66 rural villages in Puri, Odisha, India. Villages were eligible if not adjacent to another included village and not designated by the Government to be open-defecation free. All latrine-owning households in selected villages were eligible. We assigned 33 villages to the intervention via stratified randomisation. The intervention was required to meet a limit of US$20 per household and included a folk performance, transect walk, community meeting, recognition banners, community wall painting, mothers' meetings, household visits, and latrine repairs. Control villages received no intervention. Neither participants nor field assessors were masked to study group assignment. We estimated intervention effects on reported latrine use and safe disposal of child faeces 4 months after completion of the intervention delivery using a difference-in-differences analysis and stratified results by sex. This study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03274245.
findingsWe enrolled 3723 households (1807 [48·5%] in the intervention group and 1916 [51·5%] in the control group). Analysis included 14 181 individuals (6921 [48·8%] in the intervention group and 7260 [51·2%] in the control group). We found an increase of 6·4 percentage points (95% CI 2·0-10·7) in latrine use and an increase of 15·2 percentage points (7·9-22·5) in safe disposal of child faeces. No adverse events were reported.
interpretationA low-cost behavioural intervention achieved modest increases in latrine use and marked increases in safe disposal of child faeces in the short term but was unlikely to reduce exposure to faecal pathogens to a level necessary to achieve health gains.
fundingThe Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and International Initiative for Impact Evaluation.
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