ReviewCancer chemotherapy and pharmacology2022
Cytotoxic mechanisms of doxorubicin at clinically relevant concentrations in breast cancer cells.
Review in Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 83 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
83 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Triterpenes in breast cancer: a systematic review of preclinical evidence in rodents.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Application of nanoparticles in breast cancer treatment: a systematic review.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2024Pooled it
- A biomarker-driven approach to targeting polyamine depletion in triple negative breast cancer.Biomarker research · 2026Article
- Antineoplastic effect of piperine compared with doxorubicin via suppressing γ-secretase/notch pathway in breast cancer cells.Discover oncology · 2026Article
- Tumour endothelial cell reprogramming orchestrates angiocrine signalling to drive chemoresistance in breast cancer.Angiogenesis · 2026Article
- Cross-species hybrid vesicles enable synergistic immunochemotherapy through enhanced targeted drug delivery and immune activation.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- Doxorubicin exposure leads to cardiac fibroblast dysregulation and worsens fibrotic remodeling in the pathological heart.Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology plus · 2026Article
- Isoxazole derivatives as multi-target agents: virucidal, antibacterial, and antiproliferative effects on skin cancer cells.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2026Article
- Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Breast Cancer: Mechanistic Pathways, Pharmacogenomic Modifiers, and Translational Strategies.Cardiovascular toxicology · 2026Review
- Physiologically relevant 3D CRISPR screening enhances mechanistic insight into chemical toxicity compared to 2D screening.Toxicology · 2026Article
- Doxorubicin promotes the production of inflammatory cytokines in tumor-associated macrophages through activating lactate dehydrogenase A.Cell death discovery · 2026Article
- Nanoparticles for Doxorubicin Delivery: Advances in Carrier Design and Synergistic Cancer Therapy.Topics in current chemistry (Cham) · 2026Review
- Doxorubicin induces ferroptosis in endometrial cancer by suppressing the MKK6/p38/CEBPB axis.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Electrochemical Sensing of Doxorubicin in Breast Cancer Cells Based on Membrane-Permeation Strategy.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- BESTDR Enables Bayesian Quantification of Mechanism-Specific Drug Responses.Cancer research · 2026Article
- Sanguinarine and Doxorubicin Inhibit Heat Shock Protein HSPA5 and Trigger ER Stress in Breast Cancer.Cell biochemistry and biophysics · 2026Article
- Nanostructured Lipid Carriers Containing Acridine Derivatives in the Application of Sonodynamic Therapy for the Treatment of Breast Cancer.ACS omega · 2026Article
- NiCo₂O₄ nanoparticles as chemosensitizers: enhancing doxorubicin-ınduced ıntrinsic apoptosis in A549 and MCF-7 cells.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Genetically Engineered Biomimetic Nanovesicles Co-Deliveing a Checkpoint Inhibitor and Doxorubicin for Enhanced Cancer Chemo-Immunotherapy.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Synthesis of Folic Acid-Functionalized Hybrid Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles and In Vitro Evaluation on MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
23 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is a chemotherapeutic agent frequently used for the treatment of a variety of tumor types, such as breast cancer. Despite the long history of DOX, the mechanistic details of its cytotoxic action remain controversial. Rather than one key mechanism of cytotoxic action, DOX is characterized by multiple mechanisms, such as (1) DNA intercalation and adduct formation, (2) topoisomerase II (TopII) poisoning, (3) the generation of free radicals and oxidative stress, and (4) membrane damage through altered sphingolipid metabolism. Many past reviews of DOX cytotoxicity are based on supraclinical concentrations, and several have addressed the concentration dependence of these mechanisms. In addition, most reviews lack a focus on the time dependence of these processes. We aim to update the concentration and time-dependent trends of DOX mechanisms at representative clinical concentrations. Furthermore, attention is placed on DOX behavior in breast cancer cells due to the frequent use of DOX to treat this disease. This review provides insight into the mechanistic pathway(s) of DOX at levels found within patients and establishes the magnitude of effect for each mechanism.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.