ArticleInfluenza and other respiratory viruses2022
The national burden of influenza-like illness and severe respiratory illness overall and associated with nine respiratory viruses in South Africa, 2013-2015.
Article in Influenza and other respiratory viruses, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Disease Burden of RSV Infections and Bronchiolitis in Young Children (< 5 Years) in Primary Care and Emergency Departments: A Systematic Literature Review.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2024Pooled it
- Molecular epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus in children with acute respiratory illnesses in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of global health · 2023Pooled it
- Respiratory Syncytial Virus Epidemiology and Clinical Burden in High-Risk and ≥ 50-Year-Old Adults in Low- to Middle-Income Countries: An Artificial-Intelligence-Enabled Systematic Literature Review.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2025Article
- Aetiological Fraction of Influenza, Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Other Respiratory Pathogens in Infants Aged < 1 Year Hospitalised With Respiratory and Non-Respiratory Medical Illness in South Africa, 2016-2018.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2025Article
- Review
- Burden of Disease Due to Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Adults in Five Middle-Income Countries.Infectious disease reports · 2024Article
- Respiratory adenovirus infections in children: a focus on Africa.Current opinion in pediatrics · 2024Review
- Characteristics of infections with ancestral, Beta and Delta variants of SARS-CoV-2 in the PHIRST-C community cohort study, South Africa, 2020-2021.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Human Parainfluenza Virus (HPIV) Detection in Hospitalized Children with Acute Respiratory Tract Infection in the Western Cape, South Africa during 2014-2022 Reveals a Shift in Dominance of HPIV 3 and 4 Infections.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Trends in Cases, Hospitalizations, and Mortality Related to the Omicron BA.4/BA.5 Subvariants in South Africa.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Article
- Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of the South African Infant National Immunization Program for the Prevention of Pneumococcal Disease.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2023Article
- The national burden of influenza-like illness and severe respiratory illness overall and associated with nine respiratory viruses in South Africa, 2013-2015.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEstimates of the disease burden associated with different respiratory viruses are severely limited in low- and middle-income countries, especially in Africa.
methodsWe estimated age-specific numbers and rates of medically and non-medically attended influenza-like illness (ILI) and severe respiratory illness (SRI) that were associated with influenza, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), rhinovirus, human metapneumovirus, adenovirus, enterovirus and parainfluenza virus types 1-3 after adjusting for the attributable fraction (AF) of virus detection to illness in South Africa during 2013-2015. The base rates were estimated from five surveillance sites and extrapolated nationally.
resultsThe mean annual rates per 100,000 population were 51,383 and 4196 for ILI and SRI, respectively. Of these, 26% (for ILI) and 46% (for SRI) were medically attended. Among outpatients with ILI, rhinovirus had the highest AF-adjusted rate (7221), followed by influenza (6443) and adenovirus (1364); whereas, among inpatients with SRI, rhinovirus had the highest AF-adjusted rate (400), followed by RSV (247) and influenza (130). Rhinovirus (9424) and RSV (2026) had the highest AF-adjusted rates among children aged <5 years with ILI or SRI, respectively, whereas rhinovirus (757) and influenza (306) had the highest AF-adjusted rates among individuals aged ≥65 years with ILI or SRI, respectively.
conclusionsThere was a substantial burden of ILI and SRI in South Africa during 2013-2015. Rhinovirus and influenza had a prominent disease burden among patients with ILI. RSV and influenza were the most prominent causes of SRI in children and the elderly, respectively.
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