ReviewNature reviews. Microbiology2022
Gradients and consequences of heterogeneity in biofilms.
Review in Nature reviews. Microbiology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 143 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
143 citing papers in PubMed.
- Harnessing gasotransmitters for orthopaedic infection therapy: Mechanisms and advanced delivery platforms.Bioactive materials · 2027Review
- Dismantling the eDNA-mediated HBioactive materials · 2027Article
- Exploring the spatial distribution of biomolecules inBiofilm · 2026Article
- Bacterial adaptation to essential oils and their main compounds in food systems: mechanisms related to antibacterial resistance.NPJ science of food · 2026Review
- The urinary pathobiont Actinobaculum massiliense can generate androgens via the dirAB pathway.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Convergent methodologies in prosthetic joint infection research: integrating transdisciplinary approaches to understand and prevent biofilm-driven failure of orthopaedic prostheses.Journal of medical microbiology · 2026Review
- Genetic regulation of biosynthesis and resistance to redox-active phenazines inMicrobiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Recent Advances in Analytical Platform for Single-Cell Microbial Electrochemistry.Chemical & biomedical imaging · 2026Review
- Siderophore sharing protects clonalApplied and environmental microbiology · 2026Article
- Role of starvation survival response mechanisms on ribosome integrity, antibiotic tolerances, and virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2026Article
- Synthetic Microbial Community Biosensors: From Engineered Ecosystems to Modular Detection Platforms with AI-Driven Intelligence.Biosensors · 2026Review
- Microbial quorum sensing signals, symbiosis, secrets and sabotage.Microbiology (Reading, England) · 2026Review
- The versatility of the CHASE domain in one-component systems of c-di-GMP signal transduction fromJournal of bacteriology · 2026Article
- Measuring bacterial oxygen consumption rate to probe metabolic signature and antimicrobial susceptibility.European biophysics journal : EBJ · 2026Article
- Impact of Fiber Diameter and Surface Topography of PCL Nanofibers onJournal of agricultural and food chemistry · 2026Article
- Two Worlds, One Battle: How Bacteria and Malignancies Converge on Drug Resistance.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- A branching cell-fate decision in biofilm dispersal enables long-term surface persistence.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Extracellular matrix chemistry tunes bacterial biofilm metabolism and optimizes fitness.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Detection to Disruption: A Comprehensive Review of Bacterial Biofilms and Therapeutic Advances.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Comparative analysis of phenotype and gene expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae grown in solid versus liquid culture formats.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
83 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Historically, appreciation for the roles of resource gradients in biology has fluctuated inversely to the popularity of genetic mechanisms. Nevertheless, in microbiology specifically, widespread recognition of the multicellular lifestyle has recently brought new emphasis to the importance of resource gradients. Most microorganisms grow in assemblages such as biofilms or spatially constrained communities with gradients that influence, and are influenced by, metabolism. In this Review, we discuss examples of gradient formation and physiological differentiation in microbial assemblages growing in diverse settings. We highlight consequences of physiological heterogeneity in microbial assemblages, including division of labour and increased resistance to stress. Our impressions of microbial behaviour in various ecosystems are not complete without complementary maps of the chemical and physical geographies that influence cellular activities. A holistic view, incorporating these geographies and the genetically encoded functions that operate within them, will be essential for understanding microbial assemblages in their many roles and potential applications.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.