ArticleScientific reports2022
Transmission electron microscopy study of suspected primary ciliary dyskinesia patients.
Article in Scientific reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ventilation-perfusion Scan: A Functional Imaging Approach to Regional Lung Disease in Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia.The open respiratory medicine journal · 2026Article
- Unflavored electronic cigarette exposure induces alterations in airway ciliary structure and function.Respiratory research · 2025Article
- A 28-year-old woman with chronic respiratory symptoms: navigating a diagnostic puzzle.Breathe (Sheffield, England) · 2025Article
- Optical Imaging of Cilia in the Head and Neck.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Ultrastructure for the diagnosis of primary ciliary dyskinesia in South Africa, a resource-limited setting.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2023Article
- Investigating ultrastructural morphology in MIRAGE syndrome-derived fibroblasts using transmission electron microscopy.F1000Research · 2023Observational
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Authors and funding
21 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare autosomal recessive condition often presenting with chronic respiratory infections in early life. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is used to detect ciliary ultrastructural defects. In this study, we aimed to assess ciliary ultrastructural defects using quantitative methods on TEM to identify its diagnostic role in confirming PCD. Nasal samples of 67 patients, including 37 females and 30 males (20.3 ± 10.7 years old), with suspected PCD symptoms were examined by TEM. The most common presentations were bronchiectasis: 26 (38.8%), chronic sinusitis: 23 (34.3%), and recurrent lower respiratory infections: 21 (31.3%). Secondary ciliary dyskinesia, including compound cilia (41.4%) and extra-tubules (44.3%), were the most prevalent TEM finding. Twelve patients (17.9%) had hallmark diagnostic criteria for PCD (class 1) consisting of 11 (16.4%) outer and inner dynein arm (ODA and IDA) defects and only one concurrent IDA defect and microtubular disorganization. Also, 11 patients (16.4%) had probable criteria for PCD (class 2), 26 (38.8%) had other defects, and 18 (26.9%) had normal ciliary ultrastructure. Among our suspected PCD patients, the most common ultrastructural ciliary defects were extra-tubules and compound cilia. However, the most prevalent hallmark diagnostic defect confirming PCD was simultaneous defects of IDA and ODA.
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