ArticleBMC public health2022
Magnitude and factors associated with intimate partner violence against pregnant women in Ethiopia: a multilevel analysis of 2016 Ethiopian demographic and health survey.
Article in BMC public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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25 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Risk factors for perinatal intimate partner violence: a global systematic review and meta-analyses.BMC women's health · 2025Pooled it
- Intimate partner violence during pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2022Pooled it
- Trial
- Effects of couple-based violence prevention education on male partners' knowledge, attitudes and controlling behavior related to intimate partner violence in rural Ethiopia: a cluster randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in public health · 2025Trial
- Associations between attitudes accepting of wife abuse and emotional abuse, forced heavy work, and food deprivation during pregnancy in Nepal: a cross-sectional study.Global health action · 2026Article
- Gender-Based Violence and Associated Factors Among Women of Reproductive Age in Awi Zone, Northwest Ethiopia: A Mixed Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Prevalence of Sexual Violence and Its Associated Factors Among Pregnant Women in Arba Minch Town, Southern Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of pregnancy · 2026Article
- Vitamin A rich food consumption and its predictors among children aged 6 up to 23 months old in Ethiopia.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The magnitude and risk factors of intimate partner violence during pregnancy in rural Tanzanian communities: an analytical cross-sectional study.Journal of rural medicine : JRM · 2025Article
- Article
- Community Perspectives on Intimate Partner Violence During Pregnancy: A Qualitative Study from Rural Ethiopia.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Partner conflict during their index pregnancy and its correlates among a cohort of six weeks postpartum women in Ethiopia.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Intimate Partner Violence during the Index Pregnancy and its correlates among a panel of pregnant women in Ethiopia, evidence from performance, and monitoring for action (PMA) 2021 cohort two baseline survey.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2024Article
- Multilevel analysis of intimate partner violence and associated factors among reproductive-age women: Kenya demographic and health survey 2022 data.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Intimate partner violence during pregnancy and its association with birth asphyxia in hospitals of Tigray region, Ethiopia.BMC pediatrics · 2024Article
- Domestic violence and associated factors among pregnant women in sub-Saharan African countries from the recent demographic and health survey data: a multilevel analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Suicide among Reproductive-Age Women in Northwest Ethiopia: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study.Depression and anxiety · 2024Article
- Intimate partner violence is independently associated with poor utilization of antenatal care in Arba Minch town, southern Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- Sexual violence and associated factors among women of reproductive age in Rwanda: a 2020 nationwide cross-sectional survey.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2023Article
- Determinants of spousal physical violence against women in Zambia: a multilevel analysis.BMC public health · 2023Article
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Abstract
backgroundIntimate partner violence (IPV) is defined as acts of physical aggression, sexual coercion, psychological/emotional abuse, or controlling behaviors by a current or former partner or spouse. IPV has a special concern for pregnant women since it leads to higher rates of miscarriage, several complications including adverse birth outcomes. So far, the effect of contextual factors on IPV was largely overlooked. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the magnitude and factors associated with IPV among pregnant women in Ethiopia.
methodData from the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey was used for this study. A total of 4167 (weighted sample) pregnant women were included in the analysis. The multi-level logistic regression model was fitted to identify factors associated with IPV. Finally, the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% CI and random effects for the multilevel logistic regression model was reported.
resultsIn this study, the overall magnitude of IPV among pregnant women was 28.74 (95% CI 27.38, 30.13) with emotional violence being the most common (24.09%) type. In the multi-level analysis, women with no education (AOR = 2.07; 95%CI 1.23, 3.48), primary education (AOR = 2.04; 95%CI:1.24, 3.38), and secondary education (AOR = 1.53; 95%CI:1.29.2.62), women from households with poorest (AOR = 1.72; 95%CI: 1.16, 2.56), poorer (AOR = 1.62;95% CI:1.09, 2.41), middle (AOR = 1.74;95%CI:1.17, 2.56), and richer (AOR = 1.58;95%CI: 1.08, 2.33) wealth index, women aged 35-39 years (AOR = 1.28;95%CI:1.01, 1.63) and 40-49 years (AOR = 1.78;95%CI:1.28, 2.45) and those from pastoral (AOR = 1.47;95%CI:1.04, 1.93) and agrarian regions (AOR = 1.32;95%CI 1.02, 1.88) had a higher likelihood of having IPV. Of the partner-related factors, women with husbands who drink alcohol (AOR = 2.94; 95%CI: 2.36, 3.42) and secondary educational level (AOR = 1.47; 95%CI 1.02, 2.12) had higher odds of experiencing IPV during pregnancy.
conclusionIntimate partner violence during pregnancy is a public health problem in Ethiopia. Therefore, improving the educational status of women and their husbands, improving the economic capacity of women, and promoting the healthy behavior of husbands by reducing the alcohol consumption in those agrarian and pastoral regions of Ethiopia is vital to reduce the magnitude of IPV.
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