ArticleBMC public health2022
Joint modelling of anaemia and stunting in children less than five years of age in Lesotho: a cross-sectional case study.
Article in BMC public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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21 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Child-Owned Poultry Intervention Effects on Hemoglobin, Anemia, Concurrent Anemia and Stunting, and Morbidity Status of Young Children in Southern Ethiopia: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Community Trial.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Trial
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- Prevalence and risk factors of childhood anemia in urban and rural areas of West Java, Indonesia: a cross-sectional study.BMC pediatrics · 2026Observational
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- Co-occurrence of anaemia and malaria among children under five in Uganda: A joint modeling analysis.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Early Childhood Anemia in Ghana: Prevalence and Predictors Using Machine Learning Techniques.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Prevalence and Factors Associated with Anaemia and Undernutrition Among Children Aged 6-24 Months in Rural Tanzania.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- The Evaluation of Anemia Among Stunted Children Aged 6-24 Months in Bandung District, West Java, Indonesia.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Co-Occurrences of Forms of Child Undernutrition in India: Insights from the National Family Health Survey.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Anaemia Profile and Inflammation Markers in Stunted Children Under Two Years in Indonesia.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Article
- Malaria prevalence and use of control measures in an area with persistent transmission in Senegal.PloS one · 2024Article
- Multi-Level Mixed-Effects Analysis of Stunting Among 6 to 59 Months Children in Ethiopia: Evidenced from Analysis of Health and Demographic Survey, 2000 to 2019.Global pediatric health · 2024Article
- Article
- Relationships of deworming drug consumption and animal protein intake with stunting.Parasite epidemiology and control · 2023Article
- Micronutrient Status and Other Correlates of Hemoglobin among Children with Stunting: A Cross-Sectional Study in Uganda.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Article
- Prevalence of undernutrition and associated factors among children aged 6-23 months: a cross-sectional analysis from South-East Ethiopia.Journal of nutritional science · 2023Article
- Prevalence of anemia and associated factors in a Moroccan population from the Northwestern region of Morocco (M'diq-Fnideq-Martil Prefecture).The Pan African medical journal · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAnaemia and stunting remain jointly a serious health issue worldwide especially in developing countries. In Lesotho, their prevalence is high, particularly among children less than 5 years of age.
objectivesThe primary objective was to determine the association between anaemia and stunting, and identify factors relating to both conditions among children younger than 5 years in Lesotho.
methodsThis cross-sectional study used secondary data from 3112 children collected during the 2014 Lesotho Demographic Health Survey (LDHS). Haemoglobin (Hb) levels were adjusted for altitude and a level less than 11 g per deciliters (11 g/dl) was determined as the cutoff for being anaemic. A child with the height-for-age z score (HAZ) below minus two standard deviations (SD) was considered to have stunting. We linked factors relating to anaemia and stunting using a multivariate joint model under the scope of the generalized linear mixed model (GLMM).
resultsThe prevalence of anaemia and stunting in children younger than 5 years were 51% and 43% respectively. The multivariate results revealed a strong association between anaemia and stunting. In addition, maternal education, urban vs. rural residence, wealth index and childbirth weight significantly impacted childhood stunting or malnutrition, while having fever and/or diarrhoea was linked to anaemia. Lastly, age was shown to have a significant effect on both stunting and anaemia.
conclusionAnaemia and stunting or malnutrition showed linked longitudinal trajectories, suggesting both conditions could lead to synergetic improvements in overall child health. Demographic, socio-economic, and geographical characteristics were also important drivers of stunting and anaemia in children younger than 5 years. Thus, children living in similar resources settings as Lesotho could benefit from coordinated programs designed to address both malnutrition and anaemia.
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