Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35147769›Full record

ArticleEuropean spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society2022

Lumbar surgical drains do not increase the risk of infections in patients undergoing spine surgery.

Zorica Buser, Ki-Eun Chang, Ronald Kall, Blake Formanek, Anush Arakelyan, Sarah Pak, Betsy Schafer, John C Liu, Jeffrey C Wang, Patrick Hsieh and 1 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
2.8field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Zorica BuserDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. zbuser@usc.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-5680-0643
Ki-Eun ChangDepartment of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Ronald KallDepartment of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Blake FormanekDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Anush ArakelyanDepartment of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Sarah PakDepartment of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Betsy SchaferSpine Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
John C LiuDepartment of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Jeffrey C WangDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Patrick HsiehDepartment of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Thomas C ChenDepartment of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
University of Southern California · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThe aim of this study was to characterize if the use of surgical drains or length of drain placement following spine surgery increases the risk of post-operative infection.

methodsRecords of patients undergoing elective spinal surgery at a tertiary care center were collected between May 5, 2016 and August 16, 2018. Pre-operative baseline characteristics were recorded including patient's demographics and comorbidities. Intraoperative procedure information was documented related to procedure type, blood loss, and antibiotics used. Following surgery, patients were then further subdivided into two groups: patients who were discharged with a spinal surgical site drain and patients who did not receive a drain. Post-operative surgical variables included length of stay (LOS), drain length, number of antibiotics given, and type of post-operative infection. Univariate and multivariate statistical analysis was conducted.

resultsA total of 671 patients were included in the current study, 386 (57.5%) with and 285 (42.5%) without the drain. The overall infection rate was 5.7% with 6.22% among patients with the drain compared to 4.91% in patients without drain. The univariate analysis identified the following variables to be significantly associated with the infection: total number of surgical levels, spinal region, blood loss, redosing of antibiotics, length of stay, length of drain placement, and number of antibiotics (P < 0.05). However, the multivariate analysis none of the predictors was significant.

conclusionsThe current study shows that the placement of drain does not increase rate of infection, irrespective of levels, length of surgery, or approach.

Indexed as

DrainageSurgical Wound InfectionAnti-Bacterial AgentsHumansLength of StayLumbosacral RegionPostoperative ComplicationsRetrospective StudiesAnti-Bacterial AgentsDecompressionInfectionPreventionSpine fusionSurgical drainSurgical site infection

Identifiers

PMID35147769
OpenAlexW4211019912

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.