Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35147712›Full record

ArticleOsteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA2022

Calcaneal quantitative ultrasound is associated with all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality independent of hip bone mineral density.

A K Gebre, R L Prince, J T Schousboe, D P Kiel, P L Thompson, K Zhu, W H Lim, M Sim, J R Lewis

Open access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
2.8field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. The link between osteoporosis and cardiovascular diseases: a review of shared mechanisms, risk factors, and therapeutic approaches.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2025
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  11. Machine-Learning Assessed Abdominal Aortic Calcification is Associated with Long-Term Fall and Fracture Risk in Community-Dwelling Older Australian Women.Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2023
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.

A K GebreInstitute for Nutrition Research, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia.
R L PrinceMedical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
J T SchousboePark Nicollet Osteoporosis Center and HealthPartners Institute, HealthPartners, Minneapolis, MN, 55416, USA.
D P KielMarcus Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
P L ThompsonMedical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
K ZhuMedical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
W H LimMedical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
M SimInstitute for Nutrition Research, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia.
J R LewisInstitute for Nutrition Research, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia. joshua.lewis@ecu.edu.au.
University of Western Australia · AUBeth Israel Deaconess Medical Center · USEdith Cowan University · AUMekelle University · ETSir Charles Gairdner Hospital · AUUniversity of Minnesota · US

Funding

Kidney Health Australia grant S07 10
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Osteoporosis has been linked with increased risk of cardiovascular disease previously. However, few studies have detailed bone and vascular information. In a prospective study of older women, we demonstrated heel quantitative ultrasound measures were associated with increased cardiovascular and all-cause mortality, independent of established cardiovascular risk factors.

introductionOsteoporosis and low bone mineral density (BMD) have been previously linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality. Calcaneal quantitative ultrasound (QUS) is used to evaluate bone material properties, especially in older women. However, it is uncertain whether it is related to risk of mortality. This study was aimed to investigate the association between calcaneal QUS measurements and 15-year all-cause and CVD mortality in 1404 older women (mean age 75.2 ± 2.7 years).

methodsOne thousand four hundred four older women, participants of Calcium Intake Fracture Outcome study (CAIFOS), had calcaneal bone measured at baseline (1998) and followed for 15 years. The primary outcomes, any deaths, and deaths attributable to cardiovascular causes ascertained by using linked data were obtained from Western Australia data linkage system.

resultsOver the 15 years of follow-up (17,955 person years), 584 of the women died, and 223 from CVD. For every standard deviation (SD), reduction in broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) in minimally and multivariable-adjusted model including cardiovascular risk factors increased relative hazards for all-cause (multivariable-adjusted HR 1.15; 95%CI: 1.06-1.26, p = 0.001) and CVD mortality (multivariable-adjusted HR 1.20; 95%CI: 1.04-1.38, p = 0.010). Such relationships also persisted when hip BMD was included in the model (all-cause mortality HR 1.19; 95%CI: 1.07-1.33, p = 0.002; CVD mortality HR 1.28; 95%CI: 1.07-1.53, p = 0.008).

conclusionBUA is associated with all-cause and CVD mortality in older women independent of BMD and established CVD risk factors. Understanding why and how these are related may provide further insights about the bone-vascular nexus as well as therapeutic targets benefiting both systems.

Indexed as

CalcaneusCardiovascular DiseasesOsteoporosisAbsorptiometry, PhotonAgedBone DensityFemaleHumansProspective StudiesUltrasonographyAll-cause mortalityBoneCalcaneal quantitative ultrasoundCardiovascular mortality

Identifiers

PMID35147712
PMCPMC9187548
OpenAlexW4211042008

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.