ArticleDental traumatology : official publication of International Association for Dental Traumatology2022
Characteristics and age-related injury patterns of maxillofacial fractures in children and adolescents: A multicentric and prospective study.
Article in Dental traumatology : official publication of International Association for Dental Traumatology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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30 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Conservative management of pediatric mandibular fractures with cap splints- A systematic review.Oral and maxillofacial surgery · 2025Pooled it
- Fracture Patterns in Pediatric Maxillofacial Trauma: Retrospective Study at a Tertiary Care Center in Iran.Bulletin of emergency and trauma · 2026Article
- Article
- Pediatric Maxillofacial Fractures: Patterns of Injury, Surgical Indications, and Treatment Outcomes: A Five-Year Retrospective Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Clinical Epidemiology, Patterns and Treatment of Maxillofacial Fractures in Children and Adolescents: A 15-Year Retrospective Study.BMC oral health · 2025Article
- Characteristics of Pediatric Dental Injuries and Predictive Factors for Long Treatment Duration.Clinical and experimental dental research · 2025Observational
- Article
- Characteristics of Maxillofacial Trauma Among Children and Adolescents of South Asia: A Systematic Review & Meta-Analysis.Journal of maxillofacial and oral surgery · 2025Review
- Pattern and Management of Maxillofacial Trauma in Selected Trauma Units Across Africa: A Prospective Pilot Study.Journal of maxillofacial and oral surgery · 2024Article
- Management of Pediatric Mandibular Condyle Fractures: A Literature Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Management of Mandibular Condyle Fractures in Pediatric Patients: A Multicentric Retrospective Study with 180 Children and Adolescents.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- A Retrospective Analysis of 1311 Oral Surgery Procedures Performed in a Pediatric Hospital in Barcelona: A Study of Their Characteristics and Age-Related Diagnoses.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Article
- The Role of Glass Fiber-reinforced Composites in Maxillary Fracture Repair.Galen medical journal · 2024Review
- Clinical characteristics of pediatric nasal bone fractures by age group.Archives of craniofacial surgery · 2023Article
- Maxillofacial Traumatic Fractures in a Saudi Pediatric Subpopulation: A 10-Year Retrospective Study.Cureus · 2023Article
- The Relationship between Age, Gender, BMI, Diet, Salivary pH and Periodontal Pathogenic Bacteria in Children and Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Zn-Doped Calcium Magnesium Phosphate Bone Cement Based on Struvite and Its Antibacterial Properties.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Pediatric Dental Emergencies during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Romania: A Retrospective Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Clinical Patterns and Treatment of Pediatric Facial Fractures: A 10-Year Retrospective Romanian Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
28 authors at 13 institutions in 12 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
aimsPaediatric maxillofacial trauma accounts for 15% of all maxillofacial trauma but remains a leading cause of mortality. The aim of this prospective, multicentric epidemiological study was to analyse the characteristics of maxillofacial fractures in paediatric patients managed in 14 maxillofacial surgery departments on five continents over a 1-year period.
methodsThe following data were collected: age (preschool [0-6 years], school age [7-12 years], and adolescent [13-18 years]), cause and mechanism of the maxillofacial fracture, alcohol and/or drug abuse at the time of trauma, fracture site, Facial Injury Severity Scale score, associated injuries, day of the maxillofacial trauma, timing and type of treatment, and length of hospitalization. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software.
resultsBetween 30 September 2019 and 4 October 2020, 322 patients (male:female ratio, 2.3:1) aged 0-18 years (median age, 15 years) were hospitalized with maxillofacial trauma. The most frequent causes of the trauma were road traffic accidents (36%; median age, 15 years), followed by falls (24%; median age, 8 years) and sports (21%; median age, 14 years). Alcohol and/or drug abuse was significantly associated with males (p < .001) and older age (p < .001). Overall, 474 fractures were observed (1.47 per capita). The most affected site was the mandibular condyle in children <13 years old and the nose in adolescents. The proportion of patients who underwent open reduction and internal fixation increased with age (p < .001).
conclusionThe main cause of paediatric maxillofacial fractures was road traffic accidents, with the highest rates seen in African and Asian centres, and the frequency of such fractures increased with age. Falls showed an inverse association with age and were the leading cause of trauma in children 0-6 years of age. The choice of treatment varies with age, reflecting anatomical and etiological changes towards patterns more similar to those seen in adulthood.
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