ArticleOpen forum infectious diseases2022
Binary Toxin Expression by
Article in Open forum infectious diseases, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- A novel RNA nucleic acid amplification test more accurately distinguishes activemedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Article
- The N-terminus of themBio · 2025Article
- Clostridioides difficile infections caused by hypervirulent strains: a single-centre real-life study.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2025Article
- Insights into Gut Dysbiosis: Inflammatory Diseases, Obesity, and Restoration Approaches.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Emerging Diagnostics inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Environmental and Nutritional Parameters Modulating Genetic Expression for Virulence Factors ofAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- A Systematic Literature Review on Risk Factors for and Timing of Clostridioides difficile Infection in the United States.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2024Review
- An Updated View on the Cellular Uptake and Mode-of-Action of Clostridioides difficile Toxins.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2024Article
- Article
- Virulence and genomic diversity among clinical isolates of ST1 (BI/NAP1/027) Clostridioides difficile.Cell reports · 2023Article
- Host Immunity and Immunization Strategies for Clostridioides difficile Infection.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2023Review
- Syndromic Panel Testing Among Patients With Infectious Diarrhea: The Challenge of InterpretingOpen forum infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Novel Biomarkers, IncludingInfection and immunity · 2023Article
- Article
- Virulence and genomic diversity among clinical isolates of ST1 (BI/NAP1/027)bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- CDT ofToxins · 2023Article
- Prevalence of diagnostically-discrepantFrontiers in medicine · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe incidence of
methodsWe retrospectively tested stool from 215 CDI patients for CDT by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Stratifying patients by CDT status, we assessed if disease severity and clinical outcomes correlated with CDT positivity. Additionally, we completed quantitative PCR (PCR) DNA extracted from patient stool to detect cdtB gene. Lastly, we performed 16 S rRNA gene sequencing to examine if CDT-positive samples had an altered fecal microbiota.
resultsWe found that patients with CdtB, the pore-forming component of CDT, detected in their stool by ELISA, were more likely to have severe disease with higher 90-day mortality. CDT-positive patients also had higher
conclusionsPatients with fecal samples that were positive for CDT had increased disease severity and worse clinical outcomes. Utilization of PCR and testing for
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.