ArticleCell death & disease2022
Immune-responsive gene 1/itaconate activates nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 in microglia to protect against spinal cord injury in mice.
Article in Cell death & disease, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 86 citations in OpenAlex.
- Post-translational modifications in Neuroimmune cells during neuroinflammation: integrated regulatory networks and therapeutic opportunities.Biology direct · 2026Review
- Itaconate and its derivatives in human health and diseases.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Davunetide promotes structural and functional recovery of the injured spinal cord by promoting autophagy.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Four-Octyl Itaconate Alleviates Enterococcus faecalis-Induced Apical Periodontitis by Inhibiting Macrophage M1 Polarisation.International endodontic journal · 2026Article
- Itaconate-based nanoparticles induce immunometabolic reprogramming in macrophages and alleviate diet-induced obesity.Research square · 2026Article
- Metabolic control of neuroinflammation: focus on itaconate and its derivatives in CNS disorders.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Metabolite-neuro-immune relay in chronic pain: spatial-temporal lactate, succinate and itaconate signalling as drivers of glial reprogramming and neuronal sensitisation.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- ACOD1 regulates microglial arginine metabolism and inflammatory responses.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Role of Glycolysis and Nitric Oxide Pathway Crosstalk in Macrophages in Atherosclerosis.Current medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- Diverse Effects of Various Toll-Like Receptor 2 Ligands on Neuronal Activity and Cell Death.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- 4-octyl Itaconate Attenuates Acute Pancreatitis and Associated Lung Injury by Suppressing Ferroptosis in Mice.Inflammation · 2025Article
- Electroacupuncture mitigates cognitive impairments in chronic hypoxia-induced mice by modulating neuroinflammation.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2025Article
- Itaconate promotes mitophagy to inhibit neuronal ferroptosis after subarachnoid hemorrhage.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2025Article
- Mass-Guided Single-Cell MALDI Imaging of Low-Mass Metabolites Reveals Cellular Activation Markers.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Integrated network pharmacology and transcriptomics to explore the mechanism of compound Dihuang granule (CDG) protects dopaminergic neurons by regulating the Nrf2/HMOX1 pathway in the 6-OHDA/MPPChinese medicine · 2024Article
- Multitarget Effects of Nrf2 Signalling in the Brain: Common and Specific Functions in Different Cell Types.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- 4-Octyl itaconate attenuates renal tubular injury in db/db mice by activating Nrf2 and promoting PGC-1α-mediated mitochondrial biogenesis.Renal failure · 2024Article
- Protective role of aconitate decarboxylase 1 in neuroinflammation-induced dysfunctions of the paraventricular thalamus and sleepiness.Communications biology · 2024Article
- The role and therapeutic potential of itaconate in lung disease.Cellular & molecular biology letters · 2024Review
- Single-cell RNA sequencing integrated with bulk RNA sequencing analysis reveals the protective effects of lactate-mediated lactylation of microglia-related proteins on spinal cord injury.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The pathophysiology of spinal cord injury (SCI) involves primary injury and secondary injury. Secondary injury is a major target for SCI therapy, whereas microglia play an important role in secondary injury. The immunoresponsive gene 1 (Irg-1) has been recorded as one of the most significantly upregulated genes in SCI tissues in gene chip data; however, its role in SCI remains unclear. This study aims to illustrate the role of Irg-1 as well as its regulated metabolite itaconate in SCI. It was demonstrated that the expression of Irg-1 was increased in spinal cord tissues in mice as well as in microglia stimulated by lipopolysaccharides (LPS). It was also shown that overexpression of Irg-1 may suppress LPS-induced inflammation in microglia, while these protective effects were attenuated by Nrf2 silencing. In vivo, overexpression of Irg-1 was shown to suppress neuroinflammation and improve motor function recovery. Furthermore, treatment of microglia with itaconate demonstrated similar inflammation suppressive effects as Irg-1 overexpression in vitro and improved motor function recovery in vivo. In conclusion, the current study shows that Irg-1 and itaconate are involved in the recovery process of SCI, either Irg-1 overexpression or itaconate treatment may provide a promising strategy for the treatment of SCI.
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