Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35145021›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2022

Consciousness is supported by near-critical slow cortical electrodynamics.

Daniel Toker, Ioannis Pappas, Janna D Lendner, Joel Frohlich, Diego M Mateos, Suresh Muthukumaraswamy, Robin Carhart-Harris, Michelle Paff, Paul M Vespa, Martin M Monti and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 65 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
65citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

65 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Guideline
  2. Pooled it
  3. Neural complexity is increased after low doses of LSD, but not moderate to high doses of oral THC or methamphetamine.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2024
    Trial
  4. Psychedelics and the 'inner healer': Myth or mechanism?Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2024
    Trial
  5. The entropic brain today.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2026
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Hierarchical whole-brain modeling of critical synchronization dynamics in the human brain.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  12. Critical Dynamics in the Association Cortex Predict Higher Intelligence in Typically Developing Children.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2026
    Article
  13. A Virtual Clinical Trial of Psychedelics to Treat Patients With Disorders of Consciousness.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Article
  14. Cortical Mechanisms Contributing to Ketamine-Induced Dissociation.The Neuroscientist : a review journal bringing neurobiology, neurology and psychiatry · 2026
    Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Aberrant E-I Balance and Brain Criticality in Major Depressive Disorder.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article

5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Daniel TokerDepartment of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095; danieltoker@g.ucla.edu.
Ioannis PappasHelen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94704.
Janna D LendnerHelen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94704.ORCID 0000-0002-1967-6110
Joel FrohlichDepartment of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095.ORCID 0000-0001-8382-4344
Diego M MateosConsejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de Argentina, C1425 Buenos Aires, Argentina.ORCID 0000-0002-1953-0875
Suresh MuthukumaraswamySchool of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, 1010 Auckland, New Zealand.
Robin Carhart-HarrisNeuropsychopharmacology Unit, Centre for Psychiatry, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.
Michelle PaffDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697.ORCID 0000-0002-6780-2855
Paul M VespaBrain Injury Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095.
Martin M MontiDepartment of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095.ORCID 0000-0001-5511-3780
Friedrich T SommerHelen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94704.
Robert T KnightHelen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94704.ORCID 0000-0001-8686-1685
Mark D'EspositoHelen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94704.

Funding

Attention, Orientation and the Human Prefrontal CortexR01NS021135 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA DAVIS · PI Robert Thomas Knight · 1985 to 2026
$6.5M
ATTENTION, ORIENTATION, & THE HUMAN PREFRONTAL CORTEXR37NS021135 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY · PI KNIGHT, ROBERT THOMAS · 2013 to 2019
$3.6M
Neural dynamics of human working memory networksR01MH111737 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY · PI D'ESPOSITO, MARK · 2016 to 2020
$2.6M
Building analysis tools and a theory framework for inferring principles of neural computation from multi-scale organization in brain recordingsR01EB026955 · NIBIB · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY · PI SOMMER, FRIEDRICH T · 2018 to 2020
$1.1M
ATTENTION, ORIENTATION, & PREFRONTAL CORTEXR56NS021135 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY · PI KNIGHT, ROBERT THOMAS · 2012 to 2012
$462k
NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB026955NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH111737NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS021135NINDS NIH HHS R37 NS021135NINDS NIH HHS R56 NS021135
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Mounting evidence suggests that during conscious states, the electrodynamics of the cortex are poised near a critical point or phase transition and that this near-critical behavior supports the vast flow of information through cortical networks during conscious states. Here, we empirically identify a mathematically specific critical point near which waking cortical oscillatory dynamics operate, which is known as the edge-of-chaos critical point, or the boundary between stability and chaos. We do so by applying the recently developed modified 0-1 chaos test to electrocorticography (ECoG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) recordings from the cortices of humans and macaques across normal waking, generalized seizure, anesthesia, and psychedelic states. Our evidence suggests that cortical information processing is disrupted during unconscious states because of a transition of low-frequency cortical electric oscillations away from this critical point; conversely, we show that psychedelics may increase the information richness of cortical activity by tuning low-frequency cortical oscillations closer to this critical point. Finally, we analyze clinical electroencephalography (EEG) recordings from patients with disorders of consciousness (DOC) and show that assessing the proximity of slow cortical oscillatory electrodynamics to the edge-of-chaos critical point may be useful as an index of consciousness in the clinical setting.

Indexed as

Electrophysiological PhenomenaAnimalsBrain MappingCerebral CortexConsciousnessHumansanesthesiaconsciousnesscriticalityepilepsypsychedelics

Identifiers

PMID35145021
PMCPMC8851554

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.