SynthesisSubstance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy2022
The prevalence of people who inject drugs among those with HIV late presentation: a meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Rapid Identification of HIV Among People Who Inject Drugs: Tampa, FL, 2024.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Prevalence of late presentation of HIV among older adults in Asia: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol.Systematic reviews · 2026Article
- A Closer Look at the Perceived Factors Contributing To Late HIV Diagnoses: A Qualitative Study among People with HIV.AIDS and behavior · 2025Article
- A look beyond the needle: high prevalence of injecting risk behaviours among people who inject drugs in Zanzibar.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Article
- National HIV and HCV Screening Rates for Hospitalized People who Use Drugs Are Suboptimal and Heterogeneous Across 11 US Hospitals.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Article
- A Qualitative Exploration of Providers' Approaches to Relational Harm Reduction in HIV Primary Care Settings.Research square · 2024Article
- Mobile service delivery in response to the opioid epidemic in Philadelphia.Addiction science & clinical practice · 2023Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
backgroundOne of the most important routes of HIV transmission is through injections of drugs, and this group, due to unawareness of their infection, causes the spread of HIV. The coexistence of other opportunistic infections and diseases with HIV among people who inject drugs (PWID) imposes healthcare costs and is associated with high morbidity/mortality rates. Early detection of HIV among PWID is essential to prevent and control the spread of the disease.
objectivesThis study aimed to determine the prevalence of PWID among those with late presentation (LP).
methodsThree electronic databases of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of science were searched using appropriate keywords. Besides the prevalence data reported for PWID among LP, the other outcomes of interest were LP defined as having CD4 count < 350 cells/μL or HIV or advanced disease defined with CD4 count < 200 cells/μL or HIV at the time of diagnosis.
resultsOf the 160 studies found, only eight met the inclusion criteria. Among those presented late, 36.5% were PWID (95% CI = 24.88-48.17). Compared with men who have sex with men (MSM), HIV-infected PWID had a higher risk of LP [OR = 1.51; 95% CI = 0.96-2.06].
conclusionThe results of this study show that HIV is diagnosed late in the majority of PWID when CD4 is less than 350 cells/μL. Targeted interventions/strategies are highly required to reduce LP among HIV-infected PWID.
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