Evidence map›Paper›PMID 3514343›Full record

ArticleDiabetologia1986

Reduced incretin effect in type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes.

M Nauck, F Stöckmann, R Ebert, W Creutzfeldt

6 registry-linked trialsOpen access · bronzeAbstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetologia, 1986. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 6 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 410 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
410citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
4.0field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT00529048 completednot on this mapstarted 2007, after this paper: background citation

Quantification of the Incretin Effect in Healthy Subjects and Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Using Increasing Amounts of Oral Glucose Challenges

TypeobservationalSponsorHerlev HospitalRan2007 to 2009Enrolled16ConditionsIncretin EffectArmsOral Glucose Tolerance Test, Isoglycemic clamp, Gastric emptying rate
NCT00551590 phase1completednot on this mapstarted 2007, after this paper: background citation

A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, 4-period, Crossover Study to Assess the Impact of MK-0431 (Sitagliptin) on Incretin Effect and the Role of Specific Incretin Hormones in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

TypeinterventionalSponsorLudwig-Maximilians - University of MunichRan2007 to 2011Enrolled24ConditionsType 2 Diabetes MellitusArmsPlacebo tablet, Sitagliptin tablet, Saline infusion, Exendin(9-39) infusion
NCT01347801 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2011, after this paper: background citation

Mechanisms of Insulin Resistance in Critical Illness: Role of Systemic Inflammation and GLP-1

TypeinterventionalSponsorRigshospitalet, DenmarkRan2011 to 2014Enrolled40ConditionsHypoglycaemiaArmsGLP-1, Placebo (Saline), TNF-alfa, OGTT, IVGTT
NCT01975259 completednot on this mapstarted 2013, after this paper: background citation

Investigating the Incretin Effect in Cystic Fibrosis

TypeobservationalSponsorLiverpool Heart and Chest Hospital NHS Foundation TrustRan2013 to 2015Enrolled50ConditionsCystic FibrosisArmsOral Glucose Tolerance test (75g 2-hour), Modified Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (50g 4-hours), Matched isoglycemic clamp, Hyperglycemic clamp with concurrent GLP-1 infusion, Hyperglycemic Clamp with concurrent GIP infusion
NCT02324010 phase2completednot on this mapstarted 2015, after this paper: background citation

Effects of Sitagliptin on Postprandial Glycaemia, Incretin Hormones and Blood Pressure in Type 2 Diabetes - Relationship to Gastric Emptying

TypeinterventionalSponsorRoyal Adelaide HospitalRan2015 to 2017Enrolled14ConditionsGastroparesis, Diabetes MellitusArmsSitagliptin, Placebo
NCT02694575 completednot on this mapstarted 2015, after this paper: background citation

The Impact of Glucose Lowering Therapies Including Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitor on Circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells (EPCs) and Its Mobilising Factor Stromal Derived Factor-1α (SDF-1α) in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

TypeobservationalSponsorUniversity of LeicesterRan2015 to 2018Enrolled241ConditionsDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Cardiovascular Diseases
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

410 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,298 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. New Perspectives in Modulating the Entero-Insular Axis in Pediatric Obesity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
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  11. Review
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  15. Observational
  16. Article
  17. HMGCR and Rosuvastatin Regulates GLP-1 Secretion and Expression-A Translational Study.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2026
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review

350 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

M Nauck
F Stöckmann
R Ebert
W Creutzfeldt
University of Göttingen · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Integrated incremental immunoreactive insulin and connecting peptide responses to an oral glucose load of 50 g and an "isoglycaemic" intravenous glucose infusion, respectively, were measured in 14 Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic patients and 8 age- and weight-matched metabolically healthy control subjects. Differences between responses to oral and intravenous glucose administration are attributed to factors other than glucose itself (incretin effect). Despite higher glucose increases, immunoreactive insulin and connecting peptide responses after oral glucose were delayed in diabetic patients. Integrated responses were not significantly different between both groups. However, during "isoglycaemic" intravenous infusion, insulin and connecting peptide responses were greater in diabetic patients than in control subjects as a consequence of the higher glycaemic stimulus. The contribution of incretin factors to total insulin responses was 72.8 +/- 6.9% (100% = response to oral load) in control subjects and 36.0 +/- 8.8% in diabetic patients (p less than or equal to 0.05). The contribution to connecting peptide responses was 58.4 +/- 7.6% in control subjects and 7.6 +/- 14.5% (p less than or equal to 0.05) in diabetic patients. Ratios of integrated insulin to connecting peptide responses suggest a reduced (hepatic) insulin extraction in control subjects after oral as compared to intravenous glucose. This was not the case in diabetic patients. Immunoreactive gastric inhibitory polypeptide responses were not different between control subjects and diabetic patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Indexed as

AdultAgedBlood GlucoseC-PeptideDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2FemaleGastric Inhibitory PolypeptideGlucoseGlucose Tolerance TestHumansInfusions, ParenteralInsulinMaleMiddle AgedPancreasBlood GlucoseC-PeptideGastric Inhibitory PolypeptideGlucoseInsulin

Identifiers

PMID3514343
OpenAlexW2054564814

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.