ReviewJournal of internal medicine2022
The role of environmental exposures and gene-environment interactions in the etiology of systemic lupus erythematous.
Review in Journal of internal medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 112 citations in OpenAlex.
- Air pollution, emerging chemical exposures, and systemic lupus erythematosus: a meta-epidemiology study.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- A highly prevalent lupus risk haplotype increases IRF7-dependent induction of IFN-α, enhancing antiviral defense and exacerbating autoimmunity.American journal of human genetics · 2026Article
- Environmental pollution, apolipoprotein A-1 autoantibodies and cardiovascular risk: evidence from a geospatial cross-sectional study.Atherosclerosis plus · 2026Article
- Frailty phenotype, genetic risk and long-term incident systemic lupus erythematosus risk: Insights from the UK Biobank study integrated with multi-omics analysis.Clinical medicine (London, England) · 2026Article
- Female mice with a Xist deletion in B cells can develop lupus-associated phenotypes.Cell reports · 2026Article
- Research Trends and Emerging Themes in Gut Microbiota-Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Research: A Bibliometric Analysis (2014-2025).Archives of rheumatology · 2026Article
- Pesticides, Rheumatic Diseases, and Emerging Environmental Threats: A Scoping Review of Epidemiologic and Mechanistic Evidence.Rheumatic diseases clinics of North America · 2026Article
- Active Pediatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in Fars Province, Iran: Associations With Geographical and Meteorological Determinants-A Retrospective Cross‑Sectional Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Sleep Quality And Its Associated Factors In Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.Clinical neuropsychiatry · 2026Article
- Reducing Glucocorticoid Burden in Lupus with Omega-3 Fatty Acids: Docosahexaenoic Acid Augments Prednisone Efficacy in Maintaining Cyclophosphamide-Induced Remission of Preclinical Lupus Nephritis.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Association between sunlight exposure and risk of rheumatic diseases: a prospective cohort study in the UK.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Immunopathogenesis and Therapeutics of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: an Integrative Review.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2025Review
- Exposure to Dietary Nitrite Exacerbates Lupus in MRL/lpr Mice by Enhancing Integrin Alpha M.Inflammation · 2025Article
- Impact of gut microbiota in chronic kidney disease: natural polyphenols as beneficial regulators.Renal failure · 2025Review
- Association between environmental endocrine disruptors and autoimmune diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis.iScience · 2025Article
- Lupus nephritis.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2025Review
- Evaluation of Dry Eye Disease Signs, Symptoms, and Vision-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Higher PM2.5 exposure increases the risk of incident systemic lupus erythematosus: a prospective cohort study in Taiwan.Lupus science & medicine · 2025Article
- The role of probiotics in promoting systemic immune tolerance in systemic lupus erythematosus.Gut pathogens · 2025Review
- Engineered macrophage membrane-coated dihydroartemisinin nanoparticles with enhanced CCR2 expression improved symptoms in MRL/LPR mice by metabolic reprogramming of proinflammatory macrophages.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex, chronic autoimmune disease, whose etiology includes both genetic and environmental factors. Individual genetic risk factors likely only account for about one-third of observed heritability among individuals with a family history of SLE. A large portion of the remaining risk may be attributable to environmental exposures and gene-environment interactions. This review focuses on SLE risk associated with environmental factors, ranging from chemical and physical environmental exposures to lifestyle behaviors, with the weight of evidence supporting positive associations between SLE and occupational exposure to crystalline silica, current smoking, and exogenous estrogens (e.g., oral contraceptives and postmenopausal hormones). Other risk factors may include lifestyle behaviors (e.g., dietary intake and sleep) and other exposures (e.g., ultraviolet [UV] radiation, air pollution, solvents, pesticides, vaccines and medications, and infections). Alcohol use may be associated with decreased SLE risk. We also describe the more limited body of knowledge on gene-environment interactions and SLE risk, including IL-10, ESR1, IL-33, ITGAM, and NAT2 and observed interactions with smoking, UV exposure, and alcohol. Understanding genetic and environmental risk factors for SLE, and how they may interact, can help to elucidate SLE pathogenesis and its clinical heterogeneity. Ultimately, this knowledge may facilitate the development of preventive interventions that address modifiable risk factors in susceptible individuals and vulnerable populations.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.