ReviewTherapeutic innovation & regulatory science2022
Measurement Comparability of Electronic and Paper Administration of Visual Analogue Scales: A Review of Published Studies.
Review in Therapeutic innovation & regulatory science, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed.
- Motor control training versus soft tissue therapy in the treatment of upper crossed syndrome: a randomized controlled pilot trial.Scientific reports · 2026Trial
- Comparative Evaluation of Three Cranberry Formulations in Women with Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections: An Observational Study.Research and reports in urology · 2026Trial
- Effectiveness of teaching psychopathology through the analysis of movie characters: a randomized controlled trial in Shandong Province, China.Scientific reports · 2023Trial
- Beyond the Numerical Rating Scale: Comprehensive Pain Assessment in the Post-Anesthesia Care Unit.Journal of perianesthesia nursing : official journal of the American Society of PeriAnesthesia Nurses · 2026Article
- Accessible data collection methods in clinical trials: do current best practices for the implementation of electronic patient-reported outcome measures (ePROMs) meet accessibility standards?Journal of patient-reported outcomes · 2026Article
- Academic stress and mental fatigue predict subjective but not objective internal load in adolescent soccer players-a prospective cohort study.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- The Role of Oxytocin and Sex in Analgesic Placebo-Response: Exploratory Analysis from a Sham Randomized Clinical Trial in Chronic Back-Pain Patients.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- Article
- Analysis of Forward Trunk Bending in Women with Chronic Low Back Pain Undergoing Functional Training.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Effects of spinal-epidural anesthesia combined with intravenous etomidate on adrenocortical and immune stress in elderly patients undergoing anorectal surgery: A retrospective analysis.Biomolecules & biomedicine · 2025Review
- Topical Steroid Withdrawal in Atopic Dermatitis: Patient-reported Characterization from a Swedish Social Media Questionnaire.Acta dermato-venereologica · 2025Observational
- Establishing the Patient-Acceptable Symptom State for the Numeric Rating Scale-Pain Score in a Postoperative Non-Shoulder Hand and Upper-Extremity Population.The Journal of hand surgery · 2025Article
- A wearable functional electrical stimulation device with a movable electrode for motor point tracking.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025Article
- The Fatigue and Altered Cognition Scale among SARS-CoV-2 Survivors: Psychometric Properties and Item Correlations with Depression and Anxiety Symptoms.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- SLPs' perceptions of language learning myths about children who are DHH.Journal of deaf studies and deaf education · 2024Article
- Article
- Conceptions and Misconceptions: What Do School-Based Speech-Language Pathologists Think About Dyslexia?Language, speech, and hearing services in schools · 2023Article
- Use of the visual analogue scale for health state valuation: a scoping review.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2023Article
- Speech-Language Pathologists' Endorsement of Speech, Language, and Literacy Myths Reveals Persistent Research-Practice Gap.Language, speech, and hearing services in schools · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundVisual analogue scales (VASs) are used in a variety of patient-, observer- and clinician-reported outcome measures. While typically included in measures originally developed for pen-and-paper completion, a greater number of clinical trials currently use electronic approaches to their collection. This leads researchers to question whether the measurement properties of the scale have been conserved during the migration to an electronic format, particularly because electronic formats often use a different scale length than the 100 mm paper standard.
methodsWe performed a review of published studies investigating the measurement comparability of paper and electronic formats of the VAS.
resultsOur literature search yielded 26 studies published between 1997 and 2018 that reported comparison of paper and electronic formats using the VAS. After excluding 2 publications, 23 of the remaining 24 studies included in this review reported electronic formats of the VAS (eVAS) and paper formats (pVAS) to be equivalent. A further study concluded that eVAS and pVAS were both acceptable but should not be interchanged. eVAS length varied from 21 to 200 mm, indicating that 100 mm length is not a requirement.
conclusionsThe literature supports the hypothesis that eVAS and pVAS provide comparable results regardless of the VAS length. When implementing a VAS on a screen-based electronic mode, we recommend following industry best practices for faithful migration to minimise the likelihood of non-comparability with pVAS.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.