SynthesisThe clinical respiratory journal2022
Risk factors for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in never-smokers: A systematic review.
Synthesis in The clinical respiratory journal, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Assessing the causal effects of environmental tobacco smoke exposure: a meta-analytic Mendelian randomization study.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2026Pooled it
- Identifying risk factors for COPD and adult-onset asthma: an umbrella review.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2023Pooled it
- Risk factors for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in never-smokers: A systematic review.The clinical respiratory journal · 2022Pooled it
- Demographic trends and mortality disparities in emphysema across the United States (1999-2023): a retrospective population-based study using CDC WONDER database.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2026Article
- Interpretable machine learning based decision tree model for predicting obstructive airway disease in a large non-smoking health screening population.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Linking lungs and gums: a meta-analysis of periodontitis prevalence and severity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.BDJ open · 2026Article
- Genetic and Epigenetic Association of Lung Function and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-Related Phenotypes in the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study: A Scoping Review.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2026Article
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Never-Smokers-A Distinct Entity Within the COPD Spectrum.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Increasing Residential Radon Testing Through Outreach to Families of Newborn Children in Pennsylvania: Evaluation of Intervention Outcomes, 2002-2023.AJPM focus · 2025Article
- Nasopharyngeal microbiota is influenced by agricultural air pollution in individuals with and without COPD.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Streamlining referrals by establishing a UAE-specific referral algorithm for CVD patients with overlapping COPD: a collaborative effort by cardiologists and pulmonologists.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Article
- The Punicalagin Compound Mitigates Bronchial Epithelial Cell Senescence Induced by Cigarette Smoke Extract through the PAR2/mTOR Pathway.Current medicinal chemistry · 2025Article
- Indoor radon exposure: A systematic review of radon-induced health risks and evidence quality using GRADE approach.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Chronic Airflow Limitation, Emphysema, and Impaired Diffusing Capacity in Relation to Smoking Habits in a Swedish Middle-aged Population.Annals of the American Thoracic Society · 2024Article
- Unveiling mechanisms of lung aging in COPD: A promising target for therapeutics development.Chinese medical journal pulmonary and critical care medicine · 2024Review
- Housing conditions and risk of incident COPD: a Danish cohort study, 2000-2018.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Association between systemic inflammatory markers and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A population-based study.Heliyon · 2024Article
- COPD and Smoking Status - It Does Matter: Characteristics and Prognosis of COPD According to Smoking Status.Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (Miami, Fla.) · 2024Article
- Airway Epithelium Senescence as a Driving Mechanism in COPD Pathogenesis.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionRelatively little is known about the risk factors for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in never-smokers, and these factors have not yet been fully characterised. This study therefore sought to analyse COPD risk factors in never-smokers by conducting a systematic review of the literature on the topic. MATERIALS AND
methodsWe performed a search in PubMed (Medline) and Embase from 2000 onwards, to locate studies on COPD in never-smokers. For literature search and evidence synthesis purposes, we used the PRISMA guidelines and drew up a specific quality scale to quantify the evidence of each study included.
resultsThe bibliographic search retrieved a total of 557 papers, 20 of which fulfilled the designated inclusion criteria (two case-control studies, four cohort studies and 14 cross-sectional studies). These studies were undertaken in Europe, the United States, Latin America, Asia and Africa. The risk factors for never-smokers were varied and ranged from exposure to biomass, occupational exposure and passive smoking to having a history of asthma, tuberculosis or respiratory infections during childhood. The effect of residential radon was unclear. The highest risk was obtained for previous respiratory diseases of any type, with a magnitude much higher than that observed for other risk factors.
conclusionsThere are few studies on COPD risk factors in never-smokers. More purpose-designed studies in this subpopulation are thus called for, including well-designed studies to specifically assess if indoor radon has any role on COPD onset.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.