ArticleAlzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association2022
Race, sex, and mid-life changes in brain health: Cardia MRI substudy.
Article in Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Posterior communicating artery variation is linked to compromised cerebral hemodynamics in middle-aged and older adults.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2026Article
- CSF Levels of NPTX2 Are Associated With Less Brain Atrophy Over Time in Cognitively Unimpaired Individuals.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2026Article
- Modeling the age-specific incidence of mild cognitive impairment incorporating the time-varying relationship of Alzheimer's disease biomarkers over 28 years.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2026Article
- Physical frailty and MRI markers of structural brain integrity in the community-dwelling late middle-aged and old adults.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The Brain That Understands Diversity: A Pilot Study Focusing on the Triple Network.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- The effect of aerobic exercise on cerebral perfusion in patients with vascular cognitive impairment, the Excersion-VCI randomised controlled clinical trial.Cerebral circulation - cognition and behavior · 2025Article
- Automated Quality Evaluation Index for Arterial Spin Labeling Derived Cerebral Blood Flow Maps.Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI · 2024Article
- Brain aging patterns in a large and diverse cohort of 49,482 individuals.Nature medicine · 2024Article
- Association of Cardiovascular Health With Brain Age Estimated Using Machine Learning Methods in Middle-Aged and Older Adults.Neurology · 2024Article
- Cross-sectional associations between multisensory impairment and brain volumes in older adults: Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Alzheimer's disease genetic risk and changes in brain atrophy and white matter hyperintensities in cognitively unimpaired adults.Brain communications · 2024Article
- Race, sex, and mid-life changes in brain health: Cardia MRI substudy.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2022Article
- Alzheimer's genetic risk effects on cerebral blood flow across the lifespan are proximal to gene expression.Neurobiology of aging · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo examine longitudinal race and sex differences in mid-life brain health and to evaluate whether cardiovascular health (CVH) or apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 explain differences.
methodsThe study included 478 Black and White participants (mean age: 50 years). Total (TBV), gray (GMV), white (WMV), and white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volumes and GM-cerebral blood flow (CBF) were acquired with 3T-magnetic resonance imaging at baseline and 5-year follow-up. Analyses were based on general linear models.
resultsThere were race x sex interactions for GMV (P-interaction = .004) and CBF (P-interaction = .01) such that men showed more decline than women, and this was most evident in Blacks. Blacks compared to Whites had a significantly greater increase in WMH (P = .002). All sex-race differences in change were marginally attenuated by CVH and APOE ε4.
conclusionRace-sex differences in brain health emerge by mid-life. Identifying new environmental factors beyond CVH is needed to develop early interventions to maintain brain health.
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Registered trials
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