ArticleArthroscopy, sports medicine, and rehabilitation2022
Biomechanical Analysis of the Throwing Athlete and Its Impact on Return to Sport.
Article in Arthroscopy, sports medicine, and rehabilitation, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Effects of plyometric training on strength, explosive performance, and agility in female team-sport athletes: a systematic review and three-level meta-analysis.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Pooled it
- Elite cricket: a radiologic review of common musculoskeletal injuries in cricket athletes.Skeletal radiology · 2026Review
- Variable Return-to-Sport Rates Despite Improved Shoulder Function and Outcomes Scores After Primary Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty in Active Patients: A Systematic Review.Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine · 2026Review
- Influence of Stride Length on Pelvic-Trunk Separation and Proximal Plyometrics in Baseball Pitching.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Risk Factors for an Ulnar Collateral Ligament Injury Resulting in Surgery: A Prospective Longitudinal Study of 305 Professional Baseball Pitchers.Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine · 2025Article
- Muscle synergy analysis during badminton forehand overhead smash: integrating electromyography and musculoskeletal modeling.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2025Article
- Resident Case Series: The Utility of the Athletic Shoulder Test Using Wireless Portable Force Plates for Measuring Peak Force in NCAA Division One Collegiate Quarterbacks.International journal of sports physical therapy · 2025Article
- Relationship of Abdominal Oblique Strength on Biomechanics in Adolescent Baseball Pitchers.Journal of athletic training · 2024Article
- Effect of Kinematic Chain Exercise Protocol on Throwing Performance and Shoulder Muscle Strength among University Shot Put Athletes-A Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Shoulder Movement-Centered Measurement and Estimation Scheme for Underarm-Throwing Motions.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Relationship between Shoulder Pain, Trunk and Lower Limb Pain in Overhead Athletes: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis.International journal of sports physical therapy · 2024Article
- Workload Comparison of Contemporary Interval Throwing Programs and a Novel Optimized Program for Baseball Pitchers.International journal of sports physical therapy · 2024Article
- Lower-Body Strength Relationships with Sprint, Jump, and Sport-Specific Skill Performance in High School Girls Softball Players.International journal of exercise science · 2024Article
- AI-Assisted Fatigue and Stamina Control for Performance Sports on IMU-Generated Multivariate Times Series Datasets.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Shoulder and Elbow Injuries in National Basketball Association Athletes and Their Effects on Player Performance.Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine · 2023Article
- "Biofeedback-based return to sport": individualization through objective assessments.Frontiers in physiology · 2023Article
- A Comparison of Pitching Biomechanics and Sport Specialization in High School Pitchers.International journal of sports physical therapy · 2022Article
- Lower body energy generation, absorption, and transfer in youth baseball pitchers.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Throwing sports remain a popular pastime and frequent source of musculoskeletal injuries, particularly those involving the shoulder and elbow. Biomechanical analyses of throwing athletes have identified pathomechanic factors that predispose throwers to injury or poor performance. These factors, or key performance indicators, are an ongoing topic of research, with the goals of improved injury prediction, prevention, and rehabilitation. Important key performance indicators in the literature to date include shoulder and elbow torque, shoulder rotation, kinetic chain function (as measured by trunk rotation timing and hip-shoulder separation), and lower-extremity mechanics (including stride characteristics). The current gold standard for biomechanical analysis of the throwing athlete involves marker-based 3-dimensional) video motion capture. Emerging technologies such as marker-less motion capture, wearable technology, and machine learning have the potential to further refine our understanding. This review will discuss the biomechanics of throwing, with particular attention to baseball pitching, while also delineating methods of modern throwing analysis, implications for clinical orthopaedic practice, and future areas of research interest. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: V, expert opinion.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.