ArticleBMC psychiatry2022
Non suicidal self injury and suicidal behavior among adolescents: co-occurrence and associated risk factors.
Article in BMC psychiatry, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 68 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
68 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Technology-Assisted Interventions for Reducing Risk of Suicide: A Meta-Analysis Focused on Suicidal Ideation.Actas espanolas de psiquiatria · 2026Pooled it
- Prevalence and risk factors of sleep disturbances among adolescents with non-suicidal self-injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC psychology · 2026Pooled it
- Trends in non-suicidal self-injury among adolescents: A global cross-temporal meta-analysis, 2007-2023.Psychological medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Research Review: Sex differences in the clinical correlates of nonsuicidal self-injury in adolescents - a systematic review.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2025Pooled it
- Sex Differences in the Global Prevalence of Nonsuicidal Self-Injury in Adolescents: A Meta-Analysis.JAMA network open · 2024Pooled it
- Suicidal incidence and gender-based discrepancies in prolonged grief disorder: insights from a meta-analysis and systematic review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- Prevalence, correlates and common methods of non-suicidal self-injury in South Asia: a systematic review.BMJ open · 2023Pooled it
- What Is Most Helpful? Integrating Gatekeeper and Peer Support Models of Suicide Prevention: Lived Experience Impacts Helping Perceptions.Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research · 2026Article
- Mapping the Network Structure of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury: The Role of Emotional and Interpersonal Vulnerability and Attachment in Spanish Adolescents.European journal of investigation in health, psychology and education · 2026Article
- Impact of adverse childhood experiences on youth non-suicidal self-injury: the mediating role of rumination.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026Article
- Associations of Physical Activity and Psychological Resilience with Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Among Chinese Adolescents: A Combined Variable- and Person-Centered Approach.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Looking Within: Self-Concept, Cognitive Flexibility, and Emotion Regulation as Intrapersonal Discriminants of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Cessation.Journal of clinical psychology · 2026Article
- Adverse childhood experiences, depressive symptoms, and non-suicidal self-injury in Chinese adolescents: the moderating role of SKA2 gene rs7208505 polymorphism.Behavioral and brain functions : BBF · 2026Article
- Association Between Borderline Personality Traits and Addictive Features of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury in Adolescent Patients With Depressive Disorder.Actas espanolas de psiquiatria · 2026Article
- Predictive utility and associated challenges of adolescent arm scarring in suicide risk assessment.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Pharmacological and Non-Pharmacological Interventions for Non-Suicidal Self-Injury: A Narrative Review.Alpha psychiatry · 2026Review
- Construction and internal temporal validation of a LASSO regression-based risk assessment model for non-suicidal self-injury addiction-like features in adolescents and young adults with depression.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Cognitive insight in patients with depression and non-suicidal self-injury.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- From anxiety and depression to non-suicidal self-injury in youths: the mediating effect of neuroticism and the moderating effect of thyroid hormones.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- The relationship between self-compassion and non-suicidal self-injury among Chinese college students: the chain mediating roles of psychological resilience and well-being.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
8 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundNon-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and suicidal behavior (SB) are the major public health problems in adolescents. Despite the increased focus on these phenomena, there exist no reliable data in Nepal. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of NSSI and SB among adolescents. Furthermore the study identified the relationship between these two behaviors and assessed demographic, behavioral, and psychological risk factors of NSSI and SB in Nepalese adolescents in a representative sample of the general population.
methodsThe study was conducted among 730 adolescents studying in grade 9 to 12 of public and private schools of Pokhara Metropolitan city, Nepal. Data were collected through self administered standard tools- Functional Assessment of Self Mutilation (FASM) tool, Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R), Rosenberg self-esteem scale (RSES) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Descriptive statistical measures such as frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, range were used to assess demographic characteristics and adolescent's behavior regarding NSSI and suicide. For inferential analysis chi-square and one way ANOVA test was used. Furthermore, to determine the predictors of NSSI and SB, multiple logistic regression analysis was used.
resultsRegarding behavioral characteristics, nearly half of the sample 327 (44.8%) reported a history of NSSI in past 1 year. Furthermore, 25.8% (n = 188) of the overall sample engaged in minor NSSI only and 3.42% (n = 25) engaged in at least one act of moderate/severe NSSI. The mean number of type of NSSI performed was 2.63 ± 1.71. The most common type of NSSI method used were picking at wound (27.3%), biting self (20.3%), pulling hair out (11.8%), cutting self (11.1%). Boys (52.6%) were more likely to be engaged in NSSI than girls (47.4%) (χ
conclusionThe prevalence of both NSSI and SB is high in adolescents. Despite the differences between NSSI and SB a significant number of adolescents reported a history of both behaviors. Lower level of SE and moderate to severe depression were the significant predictors of both NSSI and SB. Furthermore, male and adolescents with the history of SB were at risk of NSSI behavior whereas female sex and adolescents with the history of NSSI were at risk of SB.
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