Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35139815›Full record

ArticleBMC psychiatry2022

Prevalence and determinants of anxiety and depression in long-term breast cancer survivors.

Clara Breidenbach, Paula Heidkamp, Kati Hiltrop, Holger Pfaff, Anna Enders, Nicole Ernstmann, Christoph Kowalski

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC psychiatry, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 73 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
73citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
38.3field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

73 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 109 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
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  4. Trial
  5. Mental health status and associated factors among Chinese postoperative breast cancer survivors of working age: a cross-sectional study.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026
    Article
  6. Cancer survivors' interests and preferences for muscle-strengthening activity interventions.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026
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  16. Latent profile analysis for assessing symptom clusters in women with breast cancer.Journal of cancer survivorship : research and practice · 2026
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13 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Clara BreidenbachGerman Cancer Society, Kuno-Fischer-Straße 8, 14057, Berlin, Germany.
Paula HeidkampCenter for Health Communication and Health Services Research (CHSR), Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany. paula.heidkamp@ukbonn.de.ORCID 0000-0002-5001-887X
Kati HiltropCenter for Health Communication and Health Services Research (CHSR), Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
Holger PfaffInstitute of Medical Sociology, Health Services Research and Rehabilitation Science (IMVR), University of Cologne, Eupener Str. 129, 50933, Cologne, Germany.
Anna EndersFederal Centre for Health Education (BzgA), Maarweg 149-161, 50825, Cologne, Germany.
Nicole ErnstmannCenter for Health Communication and Health Services Research (CHSR), Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
Christoph KowalskiGerman Cancer Society, Kuno-Fischer-Straße 8, 14057, Berlin, Germany.
University Hospital Bonn · DEFischer (Germany) · DEFederal Centre for Health Education · DEUniversity of Cologne · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThere is a significant number of long-term breast cancer survivors in Germany. However, research on the psychological challenges of cancer survivors is limited. This analysis describes prevalence, development and determinants of depression and anxiety 5 to 6 years after diagnosis and identifies predictors for an increase of anxiety and depression over time.

methodsData from 164 women was collected by survey and tumour documentation during post-operative hospital stay, 40 weeks and 5 to 6 years after diagnosis. Anxiety and depression were measured by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Sankey-diagrams were created for visual presentation of prevalence over time. Logistic and linear regression models were calculated to identify determinants of anxiety and depression.

resultsRespondents had higher levels of depression and anxiety 5 to 6 years than 40 weeks after the diagnosis. Lower vocational status and having children were associated with depression, surgery type was correlated with anxiety, and age, as well as comorbidities, were predictors for both anxiety and depression 5 to 6 years after diagnosis. An increase of depression over time was more likely when having children and comorbidities. An increase in anxiety was less likely after cancer recurrence.

conclusionsFindings highlight that anxiety and depression are relevant burdens for breast cancer survivors in Germany. Several sociodemographic and clinical predictors are identified. There is need for psychosocial support after acute treatment and in the long-term. Research on psychological burdens of long-term breast cancer survivors in the identified vulnerable groups is needed.

Indexed as

Breast NeoplasmsCancer SurvivorsAnxietyChildDepressionFemaleHumansNeoplasm Recurrence, LocalPrevalenceAnxietyBreast cancerCancer survivorshipDepressionHospital anxiety and depression scale

Identifiers

PMID35139815
PMCPMC8827186
OpenAlexW4210860675

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.