Trial reportJournal of medical Internet research2022
Effectiveness of Unguided Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and the Three Good Things Exercise for Insomnia: 3-Arm Randomized Controlled Trial.
Trial report in Journal of medical Internet research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effectiveness of digital therapeutics in improving sleep quality: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.BMC medicine · 2026Pooled it
- "Three Good Things" Digital Intervention Among Health Care Workers: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Annals of family medicineTrial
- Mitigating Blue-Light Risk in Display-Based Digital Therapeutics: A Practical Framework to Support Clinical Efficacy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Screening and understanding adolescents with money worries via a web-based stress check: A latent class analysis.PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2025Article
- Systematic review and meta-analysis on fully automated digital cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia.NPJ digital medicine · 2025Article
- Financial toxicity-related factors in patients with nasopharyngeal carfcinoma: a cross-sectional study.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2025Article
- Article
- Treatment strategies for insomnia in Japanese primary care physicians' practice: A Web-based questionnaire survey.BMC primary care · 2024Article
- Influencing factors of length of stay among repeatedly hospitalized patients with mood disorders: a longitudinal study in China.Annals of general psychiatry · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe treatment of insomnia with sleep medication causes problems such as long-term use, dependence, and significant economic losses, including medical expenses. Evidence-based lifestyle guidance is required to improve insomnia symptoms not only in person but also in easy-to-use web-based formats.
objectiveThis study aims to clarify whether unguided internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (ICBT) or the Three Good Things (TGT) exercise, both administered as self-help internet interventions without email support, could improve insomnia symptoms compared with a waiting list control (WLC) group.
methodsA 4-week program was implemented, and participants were randomly allocated to 1 of the 3 groups. The primary outcome measure was the Pittsburgh Sleep Questionnaire (PSQI) score at 4 weeks compared with baseline.
resultsOf the 21,394 individuals invited to participate, 312 (1.46%) met the eligibility criteria and were randomly assigned to 1 of the 3 groups. Of these 312 individuals, 270 (86.5%; ICBT 79/270, 29.3%; TGT 88/270, 32.6%; and WLC 103/270, 38.1%) completed a postintervention survey at 4 and 8 weeks. The adjusted mean changes of the primary outcome measure (PSQI) in the ICBT (-1.56, 95% CI -2.52 to -0.59; P<.001) and TGT (-1.15, 95% CI -2.08 to -0.23; P=.002) groups at 4 weeks from baseline showed a significant improvement compared with the WLC group. The adjusted mean changes in the secondary outcome measures of sleep onset latency, total sleep time, Athens Insomnia Scale score, and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 score at 4 weeks from baseline, as well as in the PSQI at 8 weeks from baseline, showed significant improvement for ICBT. Moreover, total sleep time, Athens Insomnia Scale, and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 scores at 4 weeks from baseline showed a significant improvement in the TGT group compared with the WLC group.
conclusionsA total of 4 weeks of unguided ICBT and TGT exercises improved insomnia.
trial registrationUniversity Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trial Registry UMIN000034927; https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000039814.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.