ArticleTropical animal health and production2022
Molecular and pathological characterization of natural co-infection of poultry farms with the recently emerged Leucocytozoon caulleryi and chicken anemia virus in Egypt.
Article in Tropical animal health and production, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- New insights into recently emerged Leucocytozoon caulleri infection in Egyptian broiler flocks through clinical, pathological, hematological, and molecular investigation.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Pathogenicity in Chicken Anemia Virus withMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Advances in Chicken Infectious Anemia Vaccines.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Gyrovirus: current status and challenge.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Review
- Insights into the Biology ofMicroorganisms · 2023Review
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In the summers of 2018 and 2019, a disease outbreak stroke 25 broiler chicken farms and 3 broiler breeder farms in different Governorates in Egypt. The disease caused a mortality rate ranging from 3.2 to 9%. Postmortem examination showed petechial hemorrhage in the breast and thigh muscles, thymus gland, and peritoneal cavity and extensive hemorrhages in the kidneys. A total of 140 liver, kidney, lung, skeletal muscles, thymus, and spleen samples were collected. Twenty-eight pooled samples were created and examined by PCR and histopathological examination to identify the causative pathogens. All collected samples were PCR-negative to Newcastle disease virus (NDV), avian influenza viruses (H5, H9, and H7), infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), and fowl adenovirus (FadV). Leucocytozoon caulleryi (L. caulleryi) genetic material was identified by PCR in 17 out of the 28 collected samples (61%). Five chicken farms (18%) showed positive PCR results for both L. caulleryi and chicken anemia virus (CAV). Histopathological examination revealed unilocular megaloschizonts in thymus, skeletal muscle, and lung as well as massive hemorrhages in parenchymatous organs. Nucleotide sequences of the identified pathogens were compared with other reference sequences available in the GenBank. The identified L. caulleryi has a close relationship with those previously detected in Asia, indicating potential transmission route of the parasite. The CAV has a close genetic relation with CAVs previously identified in Egypt. Furthermore, a real-time PCR for rapid, specific, and quasiquantitative detection of L. caulleryi was developed with a detection limit of 100 genome copies per reaction.
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