ArticleSchizophrenia bulletin2022
Childhood Maltreatment, Educational Attainment, and IQ: Findings From a Multicentric Case-control Study of First-episode Psychosis (EU-GEI).
Article in Schizophrenia bulletin, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Revisiting the link between childhood adversity and stress-sensitive brain regions in psychosis and bipolar disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Translational psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Examining associations, moderators and mediators between childhood maltreatment, social functioning, and social cognition in psychotic disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Psychological medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Association Between Childhood Adversity and Functional Outcomes in People With Psychosis: A Meta-analysis.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2023Pooled it
- Nonlinear associations between reported childhood trauma and cognitive impairment in schizophrenia spectrum disorders.Schizophrenia research · 2025Article
- Obstetric complications, cortical gyrification, and cognition in first-episode psychosis.Psychological medicine · 2025Article
- Cognitive presentation at psychosis onset through premorbid deterioration and exposure to environmental risk factors.Psychological medicine · 2025Article
- Risk factors for Ascaris lumbricoides infection and its association with nutritional status and IQ in 14-Year old adolescents in Chitwan, Nepal.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- The relationship between genetic liability, childhood maltreatment, and IQ: findings from the EU-GEI multicentric case-control study.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2023Article
- Child maltreatment, migration and risk of first-episode psychosis: results from the multinational EU-GEI study.Psychological medicine · 2023Article
- Genetic variation in glutamatergic genes moderates the effects of childhood adversity on brain volume and IQ in treatment-resistant schizophrenia.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2023Article
- Associations between urban birth or childhood trauma and first-episode schizophrenia mediated by low IQ.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
44 authors at 20 institutions in 8 countries.
Funding
Abstract
background and hypothesisEvidence suggests that childhood maltreatment (ie, childhood abuse and childhood neglect) affects educational attainment and cognition. However, the association between childhood maltreatment and Intelligence Quotient (IQ) seems stronger among controls compared to people with psychosis. We hypothesised that: the association between childhood maltreatment and poor cognition would be stronger among community controls than among people with first-episode of psychosis (FEP); compared to abuse, neglect would show stronger associations with educational attainment and cognition; the association between childhood maltreatment and IQ would be partially accounted for by other risk factors; and the association between childhood maltreatment, educational attainment, and IQ would be stronger among patients with affective psychoses compared to those with nonaffective psychoses. STUDY
design829 patients with FEP and 1283 community controls from 16 EU-GEI sites were assessed for child maltreatment, education attainment, and IQ. STUDY
resultsIn both the FEP and control group, childhood maltreatment was associated with lower educational attainment. The association between childhood maltreatment and lower IQ was robust to adjustment for confounders only among controls. Whereas childhood neglect was consistently associated with lower attainment and IQ in both groups, childhood abuse was associated with IQ only in controls. Among both patients with affective and nonaffective psychoses, negative associations between childhood maltreatment and educational attainment were observed, but the crude association with IQ was only evident in affective psychoses.
conclusionsOur findings underscore the role of childhood maltreatment in shaping academic outcomes and cognition of people with FEP as well as controls.
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