ArticleInternational journal of sports physical therapy2022
Prevalence of Risk Factors of the Female Athlete Triad among Young Elite Athletes of Pakistan.
Article in International journal of sports physical therapy, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Differences in female athlete triad risk factors between Japanese and American female runners: A comparative study.PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitation · 2026Observational
- Protecting women's health in sport: the role of low energy availability in the Female Athlete Triad and RED-S.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2026Review
- A scoping review of identifying research on menstruation and menstrual cycle among female athletes of low and low-and-middle-income countries.BMC public health · 2025Article
- High prevalence of stress fractures and long-term amenorrhoea in high endurance female athletes: The misleading lack of correlation with bone mineral density.Journal of orthopaedics · 2024Article
- A systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression of the prevalence of self-reported disordered eating and associated factors among athletes worldwide.Journal of eating disorders · 2024Article
- Prevalence of Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S) among National Athletes in Malaysia.Nutrients · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundFemale athletes who are not vigilant about their food choices and choose extraneous physical activities may head towards negative health effects. PURPOSE: The purpose was to determine the prevalence of risk factors that may lead to the Female Athlete Triad among young elite athletes in Pakistan. STUDY DESIGN &
methodsA cross sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted in 2018 at Pakistan Sports Board to investigate the risk factors of The Female Athlete Triad among young elite athletes based in national training camps of major metropolitan cities. Trained and professional female elite athletes of age 18 - 25 years, able to comprehend questionnaire in English were included. Athletes completed the questionnaire including demographics, educational qualifications, Body Mass Index, sports participation, and playing hours. The Eating Aptitude Test-26 (EAT-26) and questionnaires on risks of amenorrhea and risks of low bone mineral density were completed. Individual prevalence of the risk factors of three components was assessed. The data were analyzed using SPSS-20 and descriptive statistics applied.
resultsA sample of 60 elite athletes, (23.57 + 2.37 years, BMI 21.97 <u">+1.90) who participated in various sports were included. EAT-26 results indicated that 50% of athletes were at risk of an eating disorder. Disordered Eating behaviors in need of referral were identified in 83.3%. Risks for amenorrhea were identified in 15%, and concerning low Bone Mineral Density, no risks were identified, except the intake of caffeinated beverages in 51.7%.
conclusionThe prevalence of risk for disordered eating was found to be significant among female elite athletes of Pakistan, but risk of amenorrhea and low bone mineral density were not of major concern. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3b.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.