ArticleScientific reports2022
Thoracolumbar epidural stimulation effects on bladder and bowel function in uninjured and chronic transected anesthetized rats.
Article in Scientific reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Spinal cord stimulation to manage autonomic dysfunction after spinal cord injury: a systematic review.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2026Pooled it
- Impact of Electrical Spinal Cord Stimulation on Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction in Mice With Spinal Cord Injury.International neurourology journal · 2026Article
- A Pilot Feasibility Trial of Multi-Program Epidural Spinal Cord Stimulation for Bladder Function Recovery in Chronic Spinal Cord Injury.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Spinal cord neuromodulation for autonomic recovery following spinal cord injury: a scoping review.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Influence of Sacral and Thoracolumbar Spinal Nerve Electrical Stimulation on Colonic Motility in Anesthetized Yucatan Male Pigs.Neurogastroenterology and motility · 2026Article
- Bladder Responses to Thoracolumbar Epidural Stimulation in Female Urethane-Anesthetized Rats with Graded Contusion Spinal Cord Injuries.Journal of neurotrauma · 2025Article
- The inhibitory effect of intraspinal microstimulation of the sacral spinal cord on nonlinear bladder reflex dynamics in cats.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Article
- Lessons Learned and Recommendations from a SCOPE Spinal Cord Injury Neurorestorative Clinical Trials Update.Neurotrauma reports · 2025Review
- Epidural Electrical Stimulation for Functional Recovery in Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury.Cyborg and bionic systems (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Article
- Mapping the Iceberg of Autonomic Recovery: Mechanistic Underpinnings of Neuromodulation following Spinal Cord Injury.The Neuroscientist : a review journal bringing neurobiology, neurology and psychiatry · 2024Review
- On variability and detecting unreliable measurements in animal cystometry.Frontiers in urology · 2024Article
- Mid-lumbar (L3) epidural stimulation effects on bladder and external urethral sphincter in non-injured and chronically transected urethane-anesthetized rats.Scientific reports · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Pre-clinical studies have shown that spinal cord epidural stimulation (scES) at the level of pelvic and pudendal nerve inputs/outputs (L5-S1) alters storage and/or emptying functions of both the bladder and bowel. The current mapping experiments were conducted to investigate scES efficacy at the level of hypogastric nerve inputs/outputs (T13-L2) in male and female rats under urethane anesthesia. As found with L5-S1 scES, T13-L2 scES at select frequencies and intensities of stimulation produced an increase in inter-contraction interval (ICI) in non-injured female rats but a short-latency void in chronic T9 transected rats, as well as reduced rectal activity in all groups. However, the detrusor pressure during the lengthened ICI (i.e., urinary hold) remained at a low pressure and was not elevated as seen with L5-S1 scES, an effect that's critical for translation to the clinic as high fill pressures can damage the kidneys. Furthermore, T13-L2 scES was shown to stimulate voiding post-transection by increasing bladder activity while also directly inhibiting the external urethral sphincter, a pattern necessary to overcome detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia. Additionally, select scES parameters at T13-L2 also increased distal colon activity in all groups. Together, the current findings suggest that optimization of scES for bladder and bowel will likely require multiple electrode cohorts at different locations that target circuitries coordinating sympathetic, parasympathetic and somatic outputs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.