ArticleCancer research2022
Neoadjuvant Intratumoral Immunotherapy with TLR9 Activation and Anti-OX40 Antibody Eradicates Metastatic Cancer.
Article in Cancer research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Intratumoral Regulatory T-cell Ablation Mediates Tumor Control Systemically without Autoimmunity.Cancer research · 2026Article
- Radiopaque microsphere-hydrogel composite for extended-release intratumoral immunotherapy in a large animal model.Drug delivery and translational research · 2026Article
- GM-CSF Promotes Superior In Vitro Differentiation of MHC IIInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Review
- A Synergistic 3D-Printed Collar Transforms Radiofrequency Ablation Into Potent Thermal Immunotherapy for Lung Cancer.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025Article
- HVJ-E links Apolipoprotein d to antitumor effects.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Article
- Involvement of nucleic acid-sensing toll-like receptors in human diseases and their controlling mechanisms.Journal of biomedical science · 2025Review
- OX-40 signaling promotes tumorigenesis in CTCL by regulating ERK activation.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Intratumoral immunotherapy prior to cancer surgery, a promising therapeutic approach.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Local treatment of HVJ-E with T cell costimulatory molecule stimulation elicits systemic anti-tumor effects.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2024Article
- Therapeutic Immunomodulation of Tumor-Lymphatic Crosstalk via Intratumoral Immunotherapy.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2024Review
- Advances in therapeutic cancer vaccines: Harnessing immune adjuvants for enhanced efficacy and future perspectives.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2024Review
- Bioinspired intratumoral infusion port catheter improves local drug delivery in the liver.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- A novel risk score system based on immune subtypes for identifying optimal mRNA vaccination population in hepatocellular carcinoma.Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2024Article
- The Immune Landscape of Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma: Current Advances and Perspectives.Endocrine reviews · 2024Review
- Article
- Turning tumours against themselves.Nature · 2024Article
- Impact of Injection-Based Delivery Parameters on Local Distribution Volume of Ethyl-Cellulose Ethanol Gel in Tissue and Tissue Mimicking Phantoms.IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering · 2024Article
- Sclerotic-Type Cutaneous Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease Exhibits Activation of T Helper 1 and OX40 Cytokines.The Journal of investigative dermatology · 2024Article
- Engineering approaches for innate immune-mediated tumor microenvironment remodeling.Immuno-oncology technology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The combination of the synthetic TLR9 ligand CpG and agnostic OX40 antibody can trigger systemic antitumor immune responses upon co-injection into the tumor microenvironment, eradicating simultaneous untreated sites of metastatic disease. Here we explore the application of this in situ immunotherapy to the neoadjuvant setting. Current neoadjuvant checkpoint blockade therapy is delivered systemically, resulting in off-target adverse effects. In contrast, intratumoral immunotherapy minimizes the potential for toxicities and allows for greater development of combination therapies. In two metastatic solid tumor models, neoadjuvant intratumoral immunotherapy generated a local T-cell antitumor response that then acted systemically to attack cancer throughout the body. In addition, the importance of timing between neoadjuvant immunotherapy and surgical resection was established, as well as the increased therapeutic power of adding systemic anti-PD1 antibody. The combination of local and systemic immunotherapy generated an additional survival benefit due to synergistic inhibitory effect on tumor-associated macrophages. These results provide a strong rationale for translating this neoadjuvant intratumoral immunotherapy to the clinical setting, especially in conjunction with established checkpoint inhibitors. SIGNIFICANCE: This work demonstrates the ability of neoadjuvant intratumoral immunotherapy to target local and distant metastatic disease and consequently improve survival.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.