ArticleJournal of neuroinflammation2022
PD-L1 signaling in reactive astrocytes counteracts neuroinflammation and ameliorates neuronal damage after traumatic brain injury.
Article in Journal of neuroinflammation, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Research hotspots and trends of microRNAs in spinal cord injury: a comprehensive bibliometric analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Pooled it
- The Neuroimmune Duality of CD4⁺ T Cells: Drivers of Damage and Repair in the Brain.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- PDCD1 Signaling in Microglia Can Reduce Neuroinflammation and Apoptosis Induced by Traumatic Brain Injury by Regulating PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway, Thereby Alleviating Neurological Dysfunction.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Article
- Astrocytes in Multiple Sclerosis: Getting to the Core.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Anti-PD-L1 therapy to prevent systemic immune suppression after polytraumatic brain injury in rats.The journal of trauma and acute care surgery · 2026Article
- Glycyrrhizic acid-loaded biomimetic hybrid liposomes targeting inflammatory cascades and PD-1/PD-L1 pathway to reverse neuroinflammation-driven cognitive decline.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- PD-1/PD-L1 pathway relieves incision induced acute postoperative pain via inhibiting the neuroinflammation in dorsal root ganglion of rats.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibition in Patients with Brain Metastases from Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Emerging Mechanisms and Personalized Clinical Strategies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Review
- Immune Checkpoint PD-L1 Modulates Retinal Microglial Activation to Alleviate Vascular Leakage in Choroidal Neovascularization via ERK.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Unmasking a Paradox: Roles of the PD-1/PD-L1 Axis in Alzheimer's Disease-Associated Neuroinflammation.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2025Review
- Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles alleviate autism by regulating microglial glucose metabolism reprogramming and neuroinflammation through PD-1/PD-L1 interaction.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Article
- Therapeutic implications for the PD-1 axis in cerebrovascular injury.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2025Review
- The role of inhibitory immune checkpoint receptors in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease.Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) · 2025Review
- Astrocyte-mediated inflammatory responses in traumatic brain injury: mechanisms and potential interventions.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- The immunological landscape of traumatic brain injury: insights from pathophysiology to experimental models.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Review
- Astrocytic and microglial cell functions in neuroinflammatory diseases and their animal models.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2025Review
- Ferroptosis in Alzheimer's disease: molecular mechanisms and advances in therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Review
- Runx2 Suppresses Astrocyte Activation and Astroglial Scar Formation After Spinal Cord Injury in Mice.Molecular neurobiology · 2024Article
- Blood-based inflammatory protein biomarker panel for the prediction of relapse and severity in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: A prospective cohort study.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundTissue damage and cellular destruction are the major events in traumatic brain injury (TBI), which trigger sterile neuroimmune and neuroinflammatory responses in the brain. While appropriate acute and transient neuroimmune and neuroinflammatory responses facilitate the repair and adaptation of injured brain tissues, prolonged and excessive neuroimmune and neuroinflammatory responses exacerbate brain damage. The mechanisms that control the intensity and duration of neuroimmune and neuroinflammatory responses in TBI largely remain elusive.
methodsWe used the controlled cortical impact (CCI) model of TBI to study the role of immune checkpoints (ICPs), key regulators of immune homeostasis, in the regulation of neuroimmune and neuroinflammatory responses in the brain in vivo.
resultsWe found that de novo expression of PD-L1, a potent inhibitory ICP, was robustly and transiently induced in reactive astrocytes, but not in microglia, neurons, or oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs). These PD-L1
conclusionsPD-L1
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.