Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35135010›Full record

Trial reportNicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco2022

Visual Attention to Health Warning Labels on Waterpipe Venue Menus in Immersive Virtual Reality.

Azieb W Kidanu, Rui Shi, Raul Cruz-Cano, Robert H Feldman, James Butler, Typhanye V Dyer, Craig S Fryer, Amitabh Varshney, Eric Lee, Pamela I Clark

Open access · greenAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
0.5field-weighted citation impact, top 39% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Azieb W KidanuSchool of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5694-990X
Rui ShiCollege of Communication and Creative Arts, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, USA.
Raul Cruz-CanoSchool of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
Robert H FeldmanSchool of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
James ButlerSchool of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
Typhanye V DyerSchool of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
Craig S FryerSchool of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
Amitabh VarshneyCollege of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
Eric LeeUniversity of Maryland Institute for Advanced Computer Studies, College Park, MD, USA.
Pamela I ClarkSchool of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
University of Maryland, College Park · USRowan University · US

Funding

Rapid Response Characterization of New and Manipulated Tobacco ProductsP50CA180523 · NCI · UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK · PI CLARK, PAMELA I · 2013 to 2017
$19.0M
NCI NIH HHS P50 CA180523
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionThis study examined how health warning labels (HWL) on a waterpipe venue menu captured and held the attention of consumers and influenced waterpipe tobacco smoking (WTS) attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors. AIMS AND

methodsA randomized experiment (N = 96) of young adult waterpipe smokers was conducted in an immersive virtual reality laboratory. Participants viewed one of two virtual reality scenarios, a menu with an HWL and nicotine concentration or menu without an HWL and nicotine concentration. Eye-tracking metrics were collected, and participants completed posttest questionnaires on demographics, tobacco use history, and WTS attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors. T-tests were used to assess group differences, and a mediation analysis conducted to examine the relationship between the HWL and intention to quit WTS.

resultsParticipants in the HWL group demonstrated greater visual attention to the warning and nicotine areas and less visual attention to the flavor and ingredients areas of the menu compared to the control group. The HWL group demonstrated greater negative attitudes toward WTS (p = .002), greater perceived risk of decreased lung function (p = .026), and greater intention to quit WTS (p = 0.003). The mediation model indicated the relationship between the HWL on a menu and intention to quit WTS was mediated by an increase in negative attitudes toward WTS.

conclusionsThe HWLs on a menu captured and held the attention of consumers and increased negative attitudes, perceptions of health risk, and intention to quit WTS indicating potential benefit of including a warning label or nicotine concentration on menus to correct misperceptions of WTS. IMPLICATIONS: The study contributes to the broader literature on communicating the harms and risks of WTS. The findings suggest that HWL and nicotine concentration on waterpipe venue menus attract attention from consumers in environments comparable to the real world and the strategy warrants further exploration as a targeted policy intervention to educate the public and reduce the health burden of WTS.

Indexed as

Smoking CessationVirtual RealityWater Pipe SmokingHumansNicotineProduct LabelingYoung AdultNicotine

Identifiers

PMID35135010
PMCPMC9356687
OpenAlexW4210572536

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.