ArticleJournal of the National Cancer Institute2022
Inflammation, Attention, and Processing Speed in Patients With Breast Cancer Before and After Chemotherapy.
Article in Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cytokines and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor as Biomarkers of Cognitive Impairment Related to Breast Cancer and Its Treatments: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Trial
- Links between nocturnal hypoxia and cognitive function in breast cancer.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Evaluating the suitability of the Perceive, Recall, Plan and Perform System of Task Analysis (PRPP-A) for assessing work-related cognitive difficulties in women after breast cancer: A comparison with Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB).Australian occupational therapy journal · 2026Review
- Review
- IL-8 and sCD40L predict platelet refractoriness and survival of pediatric patients with solid tumors receiving chemotherapy.BMC cancer · 2026Article
- Caffeine attenuates cisplatin induced microglial reactivity and cognitive dysfunction.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2026Article
- Serum IL2Rα as a Diagnostic Biomarker and Its Functional Interplay With IL-2 in Breast Cancer.The breast journal · 2026Article
- Serum metabolomic profiles associated with psychoneurological symptoms in women with early-stage breast cancer over one year.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Review
- Coronary inflammation and cardiovascular risk in breast cancer after radiotherapy.European heart journal · 2025Article
- Contemporaneous changes in cytokines and cognitive function during chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer: a prospective follow-up study.Breast cancer (Tokyo, Japan) · 2025Article
- Neurologic dance training (NDT) as supportive care for the physical symptoms of cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Cancer survivorship research & care · 2025Article
- Physical activity and cognition: longitudinal findings from the Thinking and Living with Cancer Study.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2024Article
- Changes in S100 calcium-binding protein β (S100β) and cognitive function from pre- to post-chemotherapy among women with breast cancer.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2024Article
- Nanotechnology Approaches for Prevention and Treatment of Chemotherapy-Induced Neurotoxicity, Neuropathy, and Cardiomyopathy in Breast and Ovarian Cancer Survivors.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2024Review
- A scoping review evaluating physical and cognitive functional outcomes in cancer survivors treated with chemotherapy: charting progress since the 2018 NCI think tank on cancer and aging phenotypes.Journal of cancer survivorship : research and practice · 2024Article
- Inflammation at diagnosis and cognitive impairment two years later in breast cancer patients from the Canto-Cog study.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2024Article
- Effects of mammary cancer and chemotherapy on neuroimmunological markers and memory function in a preclinical mouse model.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2023Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
18 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundInflammation may contribute to cognitive difficulties in patients with breast cancer. We tested 2 hypotheses: inflammation is elevated in patients with breast cancer vs noncancer control participants and inflammation in patients is associated with worse attention and processing speed over the course of chemotherapy.
methodsSerum cytokines (interleukin [IL]-4, 6, 8, 10; tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α) and soluble receptors [sTNFRI, II]) were measured in 519 females with breast cancer before and after chemotherapy and 338 females without cancer serving as control participants. Attention and processing speed were measured by Rapid Visual Processing (RVP), Backward Counting (BCT), and Trail Making-A (TMT-A) tests. Linear regression models examined patient vs control cytokines and receptor levels, adjusting for covariates. Linear regression models also examined relationships between patient cytokines and receptor levels and test performance, adjusting for age, body mass index, anxiety, depression, cognitive reserve, and chemotherapy duration. Statistical tests were 2-sided (α = .05).
resultssTNFRI and sTNFRII increased over time in patients relative to controls, whereas IL-4, IL-6, and IL-10 decreased. Prechemotherapy, higher IL-8 associated with worse BCT (β = 0.610, SE = 0.241, P = .01); higher IL-4 (β = -1.098, SE = 0.516, P = .03) and IL-10 (β = -0.835, SE = 0.414, P = .04) associated with better TMT-A. Postchemotherapy, higher IL-8 (β = 0.841, SE = 0.260, P = .001), sTNFRI (β = 6.638, SE = 2.208, P = .003), and sTNFRII (β = 0.913, SE = 0.455, P = .045) associated with worse BCT; higher sTNFRII also associated with worse RVP (β = -1.316, SE = 0.587, P = .03). At prechemotherapy, higher IL-4 predicted RVP improvement over time (β = 0.820, SE = 0.336, P = .02); higher sTNFRI predicted worse BCT over time (β = 5.566, SE = 2.367, P = .02). Longitudinally, increases in IL-4 associated with BCT improvement (β = -0.564, SE = 0.253, P = .03).
conclusionsGenerally, worse attention and processing speed were associated with higher inflammatory cytokines and receptors and lower anti-inflammatory cytokines in patients; future confirmatory studies are needed.
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