ArticleThe Plant cell2022
The Xanthomonas type-III effector XopS stabilizes CaWRKY40a to regulate defense responses and stomatal immunity in pepper (Capsicum annuum).
Article in The Plant cell, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Spatiotemporal coordination of virulence, metabolism, and stress responses shapes infection dynamics ofApplied and environmental microbiology · 2026Article
- The AcWRKY40-AcICS1 Module Regulates Kiwifruit Resistance to Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae via Salicylic Acid Synthesis.Plant, cell & environment · 2026Article
- Alternaria alternata Effector Aa593 Promotes Virulence by Hijacking the CmNAC29-Mediated Abscisic Acid Biosynthesis Pathway in Chrysanthemum.Plant biotechnology journal · 2026Article
- Salmonella enterica exploits the auxin signaling pathway to overcome stomatal immunity.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Nitric Oxide and Photosynthesis Interplay in Plant Interactions with Pathogens.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Genome-Wide Identification of thePlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Discovery of two tightly linked soybean genes at the qSCN10 (O) locus conferring broad-spectrum resistance to soybean cyst nematode.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Decoding Plant-Pathogen Interactions: A Comprehensive Exploration of Effector-Plant Transcription Factor Dynamics.Molecular plant pathology · 2025Review
- XopM, An FFAT Motif-Containing Type III Effector Protein From Xanthomonas, Suppresses MTI Responses at the Plant Plasma Membrane.Molecular plant pathology · 2024Article
- The Role of Salicylic, Jasmonic Acid and Ethylene in the Development of the Resistance/Susceptibility of Wheat to the SnTox1-Producing Isolate of the Pathogenic FungusPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Light- and Relative Humidity-Regulated Hypersensitive Cell Death and Plant Immunity in Chinese Cabbage Leaves by a Non-adapted Bacteria Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria.The plant pathology journal · 2024Article
- Hold the door! Stomatal defense also protects against mites.Plant physiology · 2024Article
- The type III effector NopL interacts with GmREM1a and GmNFR5 to promote symbiosis in soybean.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Bacterial host adaptation through sequence and structural variations of a single type III effector gene.iScience · 2024Article
- Article
- Ubiquitin-Dependent and Independent Proteasomal Degradation in Host-Pathogen Interactions.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- SbWRKY75- and SbWRKY41-mediated jasmonic acid signaling regulates baicalin biosynthesis.Frontiers in plant science · 2023Article
- Transcriptional regulation of plant innate immunity.Essays in biochemistry · 2022Review
- Review
- A Pan-Global Study of Bacterial Leaf Spot of Chilli Caused byPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
As a critical part of plant immunity, cells that are attacked by pathogens undergo rapid transcriptional reprogramming to minimize virulence. Many bacterial phytopathogens use type III effector (T3E) proteins to interfere with plant defense responses, including this transcriptional reprogramming. Here, we show that Xanthomonas outer protein S (XopS), a T3E of Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria (Xcv), interacts with and inhibits proteasomal degradation of WRKY40, a transcriptional regulator of defense gene expression. Virus-induced gene silencing of WRKY40 in pepper (Capsicum annuum) enhanced plant tolerance to Xcv infection, indicating that WRKY40 represses immunity. Stabilization of WRKY40 by XopS reduces the expression of its targets, which include salicylic acid-responsive genes and the jasmonic acid signaling repressor JAZ8. Xcv bacteria lacking XopS display significantly reduced virulence when surface inoculated onto susceptible pepper leaves. XopS delivery by Xcv, as well as ectopic expression of XopS in Arabidopsis thaliana or Nicotiana benthamiana, prevented stomatal closure in response to bacteria and biotic elicitors. Silencing WRKY40 in pepper or N. benthamiana abolished XopS's ability to prevent stomatal closure. This suggests that XopS interferes with both preinvasion and apoplastic defense by manipulating WRKY40 stability and downstream gene expression, eventually altering phytohormone crosstalk to promote pathogen proliferation.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.