ArticleJournal of travel medicine2022
Acute hepatitis A in international travellers: a GeoSentinel analysis, 2008-2020.
Article in Journal of travel medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Travel vaccination in senior travelers: current evidence, challenges, and prevention.Tropical diseases, travel medicine and vaccines · 2026Review
- Traveling with chronic viral hepatitis.Tropical diseases, travel medicine and vaccines · 2026Review
- An RTCA-based assay as an innovative approach for thermal inactivation studies of hepatitis A virus.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2026Article
- Article
- Evolving trends in hepatitis A epidemiology: Shifting patterns, emerging risks, and future strategies.World journal of virology · 2025Review
- Hepatitis Vaccines: Recent Advances and Challenges.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Hepatitis a vaccine immunogenicity and boostability in adults receiving immunosuppressive therapy and adults living with HIV: a prospective single-centre cohort study.Journal of travel medicine · 2025Article
- Seroprevalence and Shifting Endemicities of Hepatitis A Virus Infection in Two Different Geographical Areas in the Philippines.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2024Article
- The infectivity and pathogenicity of hepatitis A virus live-attenuated vaccine strain H2 in type I interferon receptor-deficient mice.Virologica Sinica · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 14 institutions in 7 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundNon-immune international travellers are at risk of acquiring hepatitis A. Although hepatitis A vaccination is recommended for unvaccinated travellers to high or intermediate hepatitis A virus endemicity, compliance with this recommendation is not universal.The main objective was to describe the demographic and travel characteristics of international travellers infected with hepatitis A during travel.
methodsAvailable data on travellers with confirmed (positive molecular test) or probable (symptomatic individuals with a single positive IgM test) hepatitis A diagnosed during and after travel from January 2008 to December 2020 were obtained from the GeoSentinel Surveillance Network database. We analysed demographic and travel characteristics of infected travellers.
resultsAmong 254 travellers with hepatitis A (185 confirmed and 69 probable), the median age was 28 years (interquartile range: 19-40), 150 (59%) were male, and among 54 travellers with information available, 53 (98%) were unvaccinated. The most common reasons for travel included tourism (n = 120; 47%) and visiting friends or relatives (VFR; n = 72; 28%). About two-thirds of VFR travellers with hepatitis A (n = 50; 69%) were younger than 20 years old. Hepatitis A was acquired most frequently in South-Central Asia (n = 63; 25%) and sub-Saharan Africa (n = 61; 24%), but 16 travellers (6%) acquired hepatitis A in regions with low endemicity including Western Europe (n = 7; 3%), the Caribbean (n = 6; 2%) and North America (n = 3; 1%). Median duration from illness onset to GeoSentinel site presentation was ~7 days (interquartile range : 4-14 days). Among 88 travellers with information available, 59% were hospitalized.
conclusionsDespite availability of highly effective vaccines, travellers still acquire hepatitis A, even when traveling to low-endemicity destinations. Providing pre-departure hepatitis A vaccine to susceptible travellers is crucial to reducing travel-associated hepatitis A and should be offered to all travellers as part of the pre-travel consultation, regardless of destination.
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