Observational studyThe Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy2022
Linezolid toxicity in patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis: a prospective cohort study.
Observational study in The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06590428 (Therapeutic Drug Monitoring for Linezolid in the Treatment of Rifampin-resistant Tuberculosis), which is not on this map. Cited by 25 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring for Linezolid in the Treatment of Rifampin-resistant Tuberculosis
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Adverse Drug Reaction to Linezolid in Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis: A Systematic Review.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Pooled it
- Optimal dosing and duration of linezolid for the treatment of multidrug-resistant and rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis: an individual patient data meta-analysis.The European respiratory journal · 2025Pooled it
- Bedaquiline and linezolid regimens for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Jornal brasileiro de pneumologia : publicacao oficial da Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisilogia · 2025Pooled it
- Safety and Tolerability of a Short Course of Linezolid for the Treatment of Predominantly Moderate to Severe Tuberculous Meningitis in Adults With Human Immunodeficiency Virus.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Trial
- A Phase 2A Trial of the Safety and Tolerability of Increased Dose Rifampicin and Adjunctive Linezolid, With or Without Aspirin, for Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Associated Tuberculous Meningitis: The LASER-TBM Trial.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Trial
- Adverse effects of linezolid in the treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis: a scoping review.Breathe (Sheffield, England) · 2026Review
- Linezolid-Induced Optic Neuritis in Tuberculosis: A Systematic Review of Case Reports, Case Series, and Cohort Studies.Tuberculosis and respiratory diseases · 2026Article
- Comparison of three linezolid management strategies for peripheral neuropathy in multidrug- or rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis treatment: a target trial emulation.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026Article
- Comparison of three linezolid management strategies for peripheral neuropathy in multidrug- or rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis treatment: a target trial emulation.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Durable three-year outcomes and persistent neuropathy following nine-month all-oral regimens for rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis: a multicentre cohort study in China.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Drug-Resistant Tuberculous Meningitis (DR-TBM) in a Low-Incidence Setting: Two Cases and an Evidence Review Highlighting Key Advances and Knowledge Gaps in Clinical Management.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Linezolid Related Adverse Effects in Different Populations: A Review.Current drug safety · 2026Review
- The role of cytochrome bcNature communications · 2025Article
- A novel machine-learning based optimization: identifying new treatment regimens for tuberculosis.Numerical algebra, control and optimization · 2025Article
- Article
- Clinical Features and Treatment Differences Among Tuberculous, Brucellosis, and Pyogenic Spondylitis: A Cohort Study.Infection and drug resistance · 2025Article
- Severe Optic Neuropathy Induced by Very Prolonged Tedizolid as Suppressive Therapy: Description of a Case Report and Implication for Better Assessment.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Role of therapeutic drug monitoring in the treatment of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis.Journal of clinical tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases · 2024Article
- Contezolid for the Treatment of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in China: A Clinical Case Series.Infection and drug resistance · 2024Article
- Derivation and Clinical Utility of Safety Targets for Linezolid-Related Adverse Events in Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Treatment.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundLinezolid is recommended for treating drug-resistant TB. Adverse events are a concern to prescribers but have not been systematically studied at the standard dose, and the relationship between linezolid exposure and clinical toxicity is not completely elucidated. PATIENTS AND
methodsWe conducted an observational cohort study to describe the incidence and determinants of linezolid toxicity, and to determine a drug exposure threshold for toxicity, among patients with rifampicin-resistant TB in South Africa. Linezolid exposures were estimated from a population pharmacokinetic model. Mixed-effects modelling was used to analyse toxicity outcomes.
resultsOne hundred and fifty-one participants, 63% HIV positive, were enrolled and followed for a median of 86 weeks. Linezolid was permanently discontinued for toxicity in 32 (21%) participants. Grade 3 or 4 linezolid-associated adverse events occurred in 21 (14%) participants. Mean haemoglobin concentrations increased with time on treatment (0.03 g/dL per week; 95% CI 0.02-0.03). Linezolid trough concentration, male sex and age (but not HIV positivity) were independently associated with a decrease in haemoglobin >2 g/dL. Trough linezolid concentration of 2.5 mg/L or higher resulted in optimal model performance to describe changing haemoglobin and treatment-emergent anaemia (adjusted OR 2.9; 95% CI 1.3-6.8). SNPs 2706A > G and 3010G > A in mitochondrial DNA were not associated with linezolid toxicity.
conclusionsPermanent discontinuation of linezolid was common, but linezolid-containing therapy was associated with average improvement in toxicity measures. HIV co-infection was not independently associated with linezolid toxicity. Linezolid trough concentration of 2.5 mg/L should be evaluated as a target for therapeutic drug monitoring.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.