ArticleThe Journal of clinical investigation2022
The HIV-1 proviral landscape reveals that Nef contributes to HIV-1 persistence in effector memory CD4+ T cells.
Article in The Journal of clinical investigation, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 62 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
62 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 85 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between baseline HIV-1 DNA levels and clinical outcomes in people living with HIV: a meta-analysis of cohort studies.Emerging microbes & infections · 2025Pooled it
- Long-term effect of temporary ART initiated during primary HIV-1 infection on viral persistence.Nature communications · 2025Trial
- 5' leader defects drive persistent HIV-1 viremia on long-term ART.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Autologous neutralizing antibodies and polyfunctional T cells contribute to long-term HIV-1 post-intervention control.Nature immunology · 2026Article
- Nef as a driver of immunodeficiency and HIV-associated diseases: insights from mouse models.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- HIV-induced sialoglycans on infected CD4+ T cells promote immune evasion from myeloid cell-mediated killing.Nature communications · 2025Article
- GITR triggering has limited impact on HIV-specific CD8 T-cell function but enhances HIV transcription reactivation from latently infected CD4 T-cells.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Transcription factor BACH2 shapes tissue-resident memory T cell programs to promote HIV-1 persistence.Immunity · 2025Article
- Mild HIV-specific selective forces overlaying natural CD4+ T cell dynamics explain the clonality and decay dynamics of HIV reservoir cells.Cell systems · 2025Article
- The tuberculosis-associated microenvironment promotes HIV-1 persistence by impairing CD8+ T cell-mediated viral control.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- BACH2 promotes seeding and establishment of long-lived HIV-1 reservoir in memory CD4Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Article
- Current insight into HIV-1 persistence from single-cell transcriptome profiling in acutely treated cohorts of infection.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2025Review
- The role of Nef in the long-term persistence of the replication-competent HIV reservoir in South African women.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Selective decline of intact HIV reservoirs during the first decade of ART followed by stabilization in memory T cell subsets.AIDS (London, England) · 2025Article
- Single-cell analyses identify monocyte gene expression profiles that influence HIV-1 reservoir size in acutely treated cohorts.Nature communications · 2025Article
- EZH2 inhibition mitigates HIV immune evasion, reduces reservoir formation, and promotes skewing of CD8Cell reports · 2025Article
- HIV-1 Nef activates proviral DNA transcription by recruiting Src kinase to phosphorylate host protein Nef-associated factor 1 to compromise its viral restrictive function.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Association between HIV-1 Nef-mediated MHC-I downregulation and the maintenance of the replication-competent latent viral reservoir in individuals with virally suppressed HIV-1 in Uganda: an exploratory cohort study.The Lancet. Microbe · 2025Article
- Targeting Ikaros and Aiolos with pomalidomide fails to reactivate or induce apoptosis of the latent HIV reservoir.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Aberrant DNA methylation of genes regulating CD4+ T cell HIV-1 reservoir in women with HIV.Clinical and translational medicine · 2025Article
2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
23 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Despite long-term antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV-1 persists within a reservoir of CD4+ T cells that contribute to viral rebound if treatment is interrupted. Identifying the cellular populations that contribute to the HIV-1 reservoir and understanding the mechanisms of viral persistence are necessary to achieve an effective cure. In this regard, through Full-Length Individual Proviral Sequencing, we observed that the HIV-1 proviral landscape was different and changed with time on ART across naive and memory CD4+ T cell subsets isolated from 24 participants. We found that the proportion of genetically intact HIV-1 proviruses was higher and persisted over time in effector memory CD4+ T cells when compared with naive, central, and transitional memory CD4+ T cells. Interestingly, we found that escape mutations remained stable over time within effector memory T cells during therapy. Finally, we provided evidence that Nef plays a role in the persistence of genetically intact HIV-1. These findings posit effector memory T cells as a key component of the HIV-1 reservoir and suggest Nef as an attractive therapeutic target.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.