ArticleCancer science2022
Impacts of the STING-IFNAR1-STAT1-IRF1 pathway on the cellular immune reaction induced by fractionated irradiation.
Article in Cancer science, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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15 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Radiotherapy and tertiary lymphoid structures: balancing immune activation and immune damage in cancer immunotherapy.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
- Antitumor effects of STING agonists on nervous system tumors via tumor-intrinsic STING-STAT1-mediated HMGN2 expression.Cancer biology & medicine · 2026Article
- Inhibition of RAB7 promotes CD8American journal of cancer research · 2026Article
- Abscopal effect induced by conventional fractionated radiotherapy following anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in pulmonary metastatic thymic squamous cell carcinoma: a case report and literature review.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Identification of key factors causing ketosis in dairy cows with low feed intake.Animal biotechnology · 2025Article
- Unveiling the role of m6A modification in esophageal cancer: a new frontier in tumor innate interferon immunity.Cancer cell international · 2025Review
- Enhancing anti-tumor immunity by targeting BATF and the STAT1/PD-L1 pathway in cervical carcinoma.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2025Article
- Single-cell spatial analysis with Xenium reveals anti-tumour responses of CXCL13 + T and CXCL9+ cells after radiotherapy combined with anti-PD-L1 therapy.British journal of cancer · 2025Article
- cGAS/STING pathway and gastrointestinal cancer: Mechanisms and diagnostic and therapeutic targets (Review).Oncology reports · 2025Review
- Impact of MEK inhibition on T-cell infiltration and function after radiotherapy in KRAS-mutant lung cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- PARP7-mediated ADP-ribosylation of FRA1 promotes cancer cell growth by repressing IRF1- and IRF3-dependent apoptosis.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Opportunities and challenges in combining immunotherapy and radiotherapy in esophageal cancer.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2023Review
- Transposable elements potentiate radiotherapy-induced cellular immune reactions via RIG-I-mediated virus-sensing pathways.Communications biology · 2023Article
- Regulation of IFNβ expression: focusing on the role of its promoter and transcription regulators.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Review
- Impacts of the STING-IFNAR1-STAT1-IRF1 pathway on the cellular immune reaction induced by fractionated irradiation.Cancer science · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
19 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors has recently produced outstanding results and is expected to be adaptable for various cancers. However, the precise molecular mechanism by which immune reactions are induced by fractionated RT is still controversial. We aimed to investigate the mechanism of the immune response regarding multifractionated, long-term radiation, which is most often combined with immunotherapy. Two human esophageal cancer cell lines, KYSE-450 and OE-21, were irradiated by fractionated irradiation (FIR) daily at a dose of 3 Gy in 5 d/wk for 2 weeks. Western blot analysis and RNA sequencing identified type I interferon (IFN) and the stimulator of IFN genes (STING) pathway as candidates that regulate immune response by FIR. We inhibited STING, IFNAR1, STAT1, and IFN regulatory factor 1 (IRF1) and investigated the effects on the immune response in cancer cells and the invasion of surrounding immune cells. We herein revealed type I IFN-dependent immune reactions and the positive feedback of STING, IRF1, and phosphorylated STAT1 induced by FIR. Knocking out STING, IFNAR1, STAT1, and IRF1 resulted in a poorer immunological response than that in WT cells. The STING-KO KYSE-450 cell line showed significantly less invasion of PBMCs than the WT cell line under FIR. In the analysis of STING-KO cells and migrated PBMCs, we confirmed the occurrence of STING-dependent immune activation under FIR. In conclusion, we identified that the STING-IFNAR1-STAT1-IRF1 axis regulates immune reactions in cancer cells triggered by FIR and that the STING pathway also contributes to immune cell invasion of cancer cells.
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