ArticlePharmacoEconomics2022
Economic Evaluation of Digital Health Interventions: Methodological Issues and Recommendations for Practice.
Article in PharmacoEconomics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
63 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 94 citations in OpenAlex.
- Economic evaluation of AI-assisted technologies in healthcare: A systematic review.Journal of food and drug analysis · 2025Pooled it
- Comparison of Cost-Effectiveness Between Digital Health Interventions and Pharmacotherapy for Depression: Systematic Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Economic Evaluations of Digital Health Interventions for Patients With Heart Failure: Systematic Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2024Pooled it
- Economic Evaluations of Digital Health Interventions for Children and Adolescents: Systematic Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2023Pooled it
- Readiness for implementation of novel digital health interventions for postoperative monitoring: a systematic review and clinical innovation network analysis.The Lancet. Digital health · 2023Pooled it
- The Impact of Digital Health Interventions for the Management of Type 2 Diabetes on Health and Social Care Utilisation and Costs: A Systematic Review.PharmacoEconomics - open · 2023Pooled it
- Analytical Frameworks and Outcome Measures in Economic Evaluations of Digital Health Interventions: A Methodological Systematic Review.Medical decision making : an international journal of the Society for Medical Decision Making · 2023Pooled it
- WhatsApp-Supported Teledentistry to Reinforce Oral Health Promotion Among Older Adults Residing in Rural and Urban Areas: Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2026Trial
- Cost-utility analysis of a web-based interactive patient education platform: evidence from a randomized clinical trial for end-stage renal disease patients.The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2026Trial
- App-based skills training to reduce problem drinking among adult internet help-seekers: a double-blinded randomized controlled trial.Addiction science & clinical practice · 2026Trial
- The Cost-Effectiveness of a Novel Online Social Therapy to Maintain Treatment Effects From First-Episode Psychosis Services: Results From the Horyzons Randomized Controlled Trial.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2024Trial
- Long-Term Outcomes and Cost-Effectiveness of an Internet-Based Self-Help Intervention for Social Anxiety Disorder in University Students: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial.Depression and anxiety · 2023Trial
- A Cardiovascular Care Pathway Supported by Remote Patient Management in Dutch Primary Care: Cost-Effectiveness, Budget Impact, and Workload Analysis.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2026Article
- A Scoping Review of Methods for Extrapolating Costs and Effects in Economic Evaluations of Remote Monitoring.PharmacoEconomics - open · 2026Review
- Identifying and Comparing Intervention Cost Components in Remote Patient Monitoring: A Scoping Review.PharmacoEconomics · 2026Article
- Developing a Core Outcome Set for the Evaluation of Remote Patient Monitoring Interventions Using the Sextuple Aim: Modified Delphi Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Article
- National scale up of PROM based monitoring after joint replacement in Germany.npj health systems · 2026Article
- Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Chatbot-Supported Remote Patient Monitoring for Anticoagulation Management: Health Economic Evaluation Within a Pilot Crossover Trial.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Article
- Preferences towards digital health technologies: a scoping review.Health economics review · 2026Review
3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Health care interventions are increasingly being delivered through digital technologies, offering major opportunities for delivering more health gains from scarce health care resources. Digital health interventions (DHIs) raise distinct challenges for economic evaluations compared with drugs and medical devices, not least due to their interacting, evolving features. The implications of the distinctive nature of DHIs for the methodological choices underpinning their economic evaluation is not well understood. This paper provides an in-depth discussion of distinct features of DHIs and how they might impact the design, measurement, analysis and reporting of cost-effectiveness analysis conducted alongside both randomised and non-randomised studies. These include aspects related to choice of comparator, costs and benefits assessment, study perspective and type of economic analysis. We argue that typical methodological standpoints, such as taking a health service perspective, focusing on health-related benefits and adopting cost-utility analyses, as typically adopted in the economic evaluation of non-digital technologies (pharmaceutical drugs and medical devices), are unlikely to be appropriate for DHIs. We illustrate how these methodological aspects can be appropriately addressed in an evaluation of a digitally supported, remote rehabilitation programme for patients with Long Covid in England. We highlight several methodological considerations for improving practice and areas where further methodological work is required.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.