Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35130555›Full record

ArticleStereotactic and functional neurosurgery2022

Artifact Characterization and a Multipurpose Template-Based Offline Removal Solution for a Sensing-Enabled Deep Brain Stimulation Device.

Lauren H Hammer, Ryan B Kochanski, Philip A Starr, Simon Little

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Stereotactic and functional neurosurgery, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
32citing papers in PubMed
6.1field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

32 citing papers in PubMed, 52 citations in OpenAlex.

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  8. Adaptive Deep Brain Stimulation for Parkinson's Disease: Navigating the Roadblocks to Clinical Implementation.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2026
    Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Advanced Brain-on-a-Chip for Wetware Computing: A Review.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025
    Review
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  15. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Lauren H HammerDepartment of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Ryan B KochanskiDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Philip A StarrDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Simon LittleDepartment of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Neurological Surgery · USUniversity of California, San Francisco · US

Funding

Accelerating Dissemination of Implantable Neurotechnology for Clinical ResearchU24NS113637 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI BORTON, DAVID ALLENSON, DENISON, TIMOTHY · 2020 to 2024
$4.4M
Closed Loop Deep Brain Stimulation for Parkinson's DiseaseUH3NS100544 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI STARR, PHILIP ANDREW · 2016 to 2022
$4.1M
Uncovering the neurophysiology of motivation in Parkinson™s disease with implanted adaptive brain stimulationK23NS120037 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI LITTLE, SIMON · 2021 to 2024
$809k
NINDS NIH HHS K23 NS120037NINDS NIH HHS U24 NS113637NINDS NIH HHS UH3 NS100544
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe Medtronic "Percept" is the first FDA-approved deep brain stimulation (DBS) device with sensing capabilities during active stimulation. Its real-world signal-recording properties have yet to be fully described.

objectiveThis study details three sources of artifact (and potential mitigations) in local field potential (LFP) signals collected by the Percept and assesses the potential impact of artifact on the future development of adaptive DBS (aDBS) using this device.

methodsLFP signals were collected from 7 subjects in both experimental and clinical settings. The presence of artifacts and their effect on the spectral content of neural signals were evaluated in both the stimulation ON and OFF states using three distinct offline artifact removal techniques.

resultsTemplate subtraction successfully removed multiple sources of artifact, including (1) electrocardiogram (ECG), (2) nonphysiologic polyphasic artifacts, and (3) ramping-related artifacts seen when changing stimulation amplitudes. ECG removal from stimulation ON (at 0 mA) signals resulted in spectral shapes similar to OFF stimulation spectra (averaged difference in normalized power in theta, alpha, and beta bands ≤3.5%). ECG removal using singular value decomposition was similarly successful, though required subjective researcher input. QRS interpolation produced similar recovery of beta-band signal but resulted in residual low-frequency artifact.

conclusionsArtifacts present when stimulation is enabled notably affected the spectral properties of sensed signals using the Percept. Multiple discrete artifacts could be successfully removed offline using an automated template subtraction method. The presence of unrejected artifact likely influences online power estimates, with the potential to affect aDBS algorithm performance.

Indexed as

ArtifactsDeep Brain StimulationAlgorithmsBrainHumansAdaptive deep brain stimulationArtifact removalDeep brain stimulationElectrical stimulationLocal field potentials

Identifiers

PMID35130555
PMCPMC9064887
OpenAlexW4210899347

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.