ArticleFrontiers in public health2021
Association Between Subnational Vaccine Coverage, Migration, and Incident Cases of Measles, Mumps, and Rubella in Iraq, 2001-2016.
Article in Frontiers in public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Assessment of knowledge and attitudes of pregnant women toward pregnancy-related risk factors in Mosul City, Iraq.Journal of education and health promotion · 2026Article
- Impact of measles vaccination on clinical characteristics and outcomes in children in Ramadi, Iraq.World journal of clinical pediatrics · 2025Article
- Epidemiological trends and clinical characteristics of measles in Iraq (2023-2024): a retrospective cross-sectional study.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- The Problem with Delaying Measles Elimination.Vaccines · 2024Review
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
objectiveThis analysis examines governorate-level disease incidence as well as the relationship between incidence and the number of persons of concern for three vaccine-preventable diseases-measles, mumps, and rubella-between 2001 and 2016.
methodsUsing Iraqi Ministry of Health and United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) data, we performed descriptive analyses of disease incidence and conducted a pooled statistical analysis with a linear mixed effects regression model to examine the role of vaccine coverage and migration of persons of concern on subnational disease incidence.
resultsWe found large variability in governorate-level incidence, particularly for measles (on the order of 100x). We identified decreases in incident measles cases per 100,000 persons for each additional percent vaccinated (0.82, 95% CI: [0.64, 1.00],
conclusionsNational level summary statistics do not adequately capture the high geospatial disparity in disease incidence between 2001 and 2016. This variability is complicated by MMR vaccine coverage and the migration of "persons of concern" (refugees) during conflict. We found that even when vaccine coverage was constant, measles incidence was higher in locations with more displaced persons, suggesting conflict fueled the epidemic in ways that vaccine coverage could not control.
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