Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35127364›Full record

ArticlePreventive medicine reports2022

Effect of an interactive educational activity using handheld ultraviolet radiation dosimeters on sun protection knowledge among Australian primary school students.

Marco Lee Solano, Samuel Robinson, Martin W Allen, Gillian Reyes-Marcelino, David Espinoza, Brooke Beswick, Dorothy H K Tse, Liyang Ding, Lauren Humphreys, Cathelijne Van Kemenade and 3 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Preventive medicine reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
0.4field-weighted citation impact, top 31% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.

Marco Lee SolanoFaculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Samuel RobinsonFaculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Martin W AllenElectrical and Computer Engineering and The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.
Gillian Reyes-MarcelinoThe Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, a joint venture with Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, Australia.
David EspinozaNHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Brooke BeswickFaculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Dorothy H K TseFaculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Liyang DingFaculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Lauren HumphreysFaculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Cathelijne Van KemenadeThe Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, a joint venture with Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, Australia.
Suzanne DobbinsonCancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia.
Amelia K SmitThe Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, a joint venture with Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, Australia.
Anne E CustThe Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, a joint venture with Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, Australia.
University of Sydney · AUCancer Council Victoria · AUMelanoma Institute Australia · AUNational Health and Medical Research Council · AUUniversity of Canterbury · NZ

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Ultraviolet radiation (UV) is the main cause of skin cancer, and children are a priority group for reducing UV exposure. We evaluated whether an interactive educational activity using handheld dosimeters improved UV-related knowledge among primary (elementary) school students. We conducted an uncontrolled before-after study among 427 students in grades 3-6 (ages 8-12 years) at five schools in the Greater Sydney region, Australia. Students used UV dosimeters to measure UV exposure, using the UV index scale, at different locations on their school grounds with and without different forms of sun protection, followed by an indoor classroom presentation and discussion. A 10-point anonymous questionnaire was completed by each student before and after the entire session (60-90 min). Before-after responses were compared using a generalised linear mixed model, adjusted for school, grade and gender. Overall, the mean raw scores increased from 6.3 (out of 10) before the intervention to 8.9 after the intervention, and the adjusted difference in scores was 2.6 points (95% confidence interval 2.4-2.8; p < 0.0001). Knowledge improved for all questions, with the greatest improvement for questions related to the UV Index (p < 0.05). The effect of the intervention was similar across different school, grade and gender groups. School and grade had no significant effect on mean survey scores, but girls scored an average 0.2 points higher than boys (95% confidence interval 0.1-0.4; p = 0.01). In conclusion, Australian primary school students had moderate knowledge about UV and sun protection, and knowledge improved significantly after a short interactive educational activity using handheld UV dosimeters.

Indexed as

BehaviorsDosimeterElementary school childrenGLMM, generalised linear mixed modelInterventionKnowledgeSD, standard deviationSkin cancerSun protectionUltraviolet radiationUV, Ultraviolet radiation

Identifiers

PMID35127364
PMCPMC8800069
OpenAlexW4205708175

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.