ArticleRoyal Society open science2022
School and community reopening during the COVID-19 pandemic: a mathematical modelling study.
Article in Royal Society open science, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Measures implemented in the school setting to contain the COVID-19 pandemicThe Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Counterfactual evaluation of elementary and secondary school policies in the COVID-19 pandemic.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Retrospective analysis of age-specific non-pharmaceutical interventions on wild-type SARS-CoV-2 in Canada.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Impact of COVID-19 and Nonpharmaceutical Interventions on Common Respiratory Viruses in Children: A 5-Year Study in Hangzhou, China.Intervirology · 2025Article
- Article
- On optimal control at the onset of a new viral outbreak.Infectious Disease Modelling · 2024Article
- Utility of a virtual small group cognitive behaviour program for autistic children during the pandemic: evidence from a community-based implementation study.BMC health services research · 2024Article
- Recursive Zero-COVID model and quantitation of control efforts of the Omicron epidemic in Jilin province.Infectious Disease Modelling · 2023Article
- Modelling the impact of school reopening and contact tracing strategies on Covid-19 dynamics in different epidemiologic settings in Brazil.Global epidemiology · 2022Article
- Assessing the mechanism of citywide test-trace-isolate Zero-COVID policy and exit strategy of COVID-19 pandemic.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2022Article
- Projections of the transmission of the Omicron variant for Toronto, Ontario, and Canada using surveillance data following recent changes in testing policies.Infectious Disease Modelling · 2022Article
- Improving vaccination coverage and offering vaccine to all school-age children allowed uninterrupted in-person schooling in King County, WA: Modeling analysis.Mathematical biosciences and engineering : MBE · 2022Article
- A new threshold reveals the uncertainty about the effect of school opening on diffusion of Covid-19.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- School and community reopening during the COVID-19 pandemic: a mathematical modelling study.Royal Society open science · 2022Article
- Modeling optimal reopening strategies for COVID-19 and its variants by keeping infections low and fixing testing capacity.PloS one · 2022Article
- School closures during the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak.Clinical and experimental pediatrics · 2021Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Operating schools safely during the COVID-19 pandemic requires a balance between health risks and the need for in-person learning. Using demographic and epidemiological data between 31 July and 23 November 2020 from Toronto, Canada, we developed a compartmental transmission model with age, household and setting structure to study the impact of schools reopening in September 2020. The model simulates transmission in the home, community and schools, accounting for differences in infectiousness between adults and children, and accounting for work-from-home and virtual learning. While we found a slight increase in infections among adults (2.2%) and children (4.5%) within the first eight weeks of school reopening, transmission in schools was not the key driver of the virus resurgence in autumn 2020. Rather, it was community spread that determined the outbreak trajectory, primarily due to increases in contact rates among adults in the community after school reopening. Analyses of cross-infection among households, communities and schools revealed that home transmission is crucial for epidemic progression and safely operating schools, while the degree of in-person attendance has a larger impact than other control measures in schools. This study suggests that safe school reopening requires the strict maintenance of public health measures in the community.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.