ArticleFrontiers in immunology2021
TLR7 Signaling Shapes and Maintains Antibody Diversity Upon Virus-Like Particle Immunization.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immunization with Virus-Like Particles Displaying Ara h 2‑Derived Peptides to Mitigate Peanut Allergy.ACS nano medicine · 2026Article
- Comparative Evaluation of Plant-Derived Virus-like Particles as Intratumoral Immunotherapy Agents.Vaccines · 2026Article
- Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV): A Comprehensive Overview From Basic Biology to Clinical Prevention and Control.Medicinal research reviews · 2026Review
- Review
- mRNA vaccines against viral pathogens: molecular design, delivery systems, and clinical applications.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Sex differences in vaccine-induced immunity in mice immunized with integrase-defective lentiviral vector delivering the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Identification and experimental validation of biomarkers associated with macrophages in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Observational
- A bacteriophage-based virus-like particle vaccine induces cross-reactive neutralising antibodies against porcine epidemic diarrhoea viruses (PEDV).Veterinary research · 2025Article
- Regulatory T cells define affinity thresholds for CD8NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- A TLR7 Agonist Conjugated to a Nanofibrous Peptide Hydrogel as a Potent Vaccine Adjuvant.Advanced healthcare materials · 2025Article
- Antibodies and cryptographic hash functions: quantifying the specificity paradox.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Review
- Probing novel epitopes on the Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein for vaccine development.NPJ vaccines · 2024Article
- Deficiency of Tlr7 and Irf7 in mice increases the severity of COVID-19 through the reduced interferon production.Communications biology · 2024Article
- Article
- Regulation of pulmonary plasma cell responses during secondary infection with influenza virus.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2024Article
- An Overview of Nanoparticle-Based Delivery Platforms for mRNA Vaccines for Treating Cancer.Vaccines · 2024Review
- Article
- A nanoparticle vaccine displaying the ookinete PSOP25 antigen elicits transmission-blocking antibody response against Plasmodium berghei.Parasites & vectors · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Virus-like particles (VLPs) are used in different marketed vaccines and are able to induce potent antibody responses. The innate pattern recognition receptors TLR7/8 recognize single stranded (ss) RNA naturally packaged into some VLPs and have been shown to enhance the production of IgG antibodies upon immunization. Here we demonstrate that, upon immunization with RNA-loaded bacteriophage-derived VLP Qβ, TLR7 signaling accelerates germinal center formation, promotes affinity/avidity maturation of VLP-specific IgG and isotype switching to IgG2b/2c. These findings extrapolated to antigens displayed on Qβ; as Fel d 1, the major cat allergen, chemically attached to Qβ also induced higher affinity/avidity IgG2b/2c antibodies in a TLR7-dependent fashion. Chimeric mice lacking TLR7-expression exclusively in B cells demonstrated that the enhanced IgG responses were driven by a B cell intrinsic mechanism. Importantly, deep sequencing of the BCR repertoire of antigen-specific B cells demonstrated higher diversity in mice with TLR7 signaling in B cells, suggesting that TLR7-signaling drives BCR repertoire development and diversity. Furthermore, the current data demonstrate that high levels of clonal diversity are reached early in the response and maintained by TLR7 signaling. In conclusion, TLR7 signaling enhances levels and quality of IgG antibodies, and this finding has major implications for vaccine design.
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